1. Sculpture/ Masks Look at these masks. Each is distinctly different in the way it looks, its uses, and even how it's made. These masks give the viewer a visual understanding of the cultures which made them, and just how unique and vibrant they really are.

2. Sculpture/ Process Additive Process Sculpture- A form produced by combining or building up material from a core or armature. Modeling clay and paper mache are additive processes. Subtractive Process Sculpture- A form produced by removing or taking away from the original material (opposite of additive). Carving, melting and cutting are subtractive processes

3. Sculpture/ Masks & Culture Mexican Day of the Dead masks are made to celebrate the Day of the Dead in Mexico where festivities last all day to celebrate and honor loved ones who have passed. Traditionally, Day of the Dead masks are made using paper mache. When they are dry they are painted and varnished. Are Mexican Day of the Dead masks made using additive or subtractive process?

4. Sculpture Masks & Culture Corn husk masks were made by the Iroquois people of North America. The Iroquois believe that there was an ancient race of farmers who had corn husk faces that taught mankind how to farm. These masks are their way of remembering and honoring their beliefs. Corn husk masks are made by weaving corn husksr. Are Iroquois corn husk masks made using additive or subtractive process?

5. Sculpture/ Masks & Culture Java masks are made by the Java people of Indonesia, in Southeast Asia. These masks are made to hang on the walls of homes and are believed to bring happiness and peace to the people living there. Traditionally, java masks are carved from wood and then painted using a wax resist technique called batik, which the java people created. Are Java masks made using additive or subtractive process?

6. Sculpture/ Masks & Culture Chokwe masks are made by the chokwe people of the Congo in central Africa. The masks are typically used during ceremonies involving rites of passage, inauguration of tribal leaders, and ritual sacrifice to dieties. Like many other African tribal masks, Chokwe masks are typically made from carved wood OR by layering bark over a woven stick armature and applying a varnish. Are Chokwe masks made using additive or subtractive process?

7. Sculpture/ Masks & Culture Beijing Opera masks are used to show the qualities of characters featured in differing Chinese operas. They feature a complex design in which the color tells the viewer what they can expect from the characters personality. Traditionally, Beijing opera masks are made using paper mache layered over a mold. When the mask is dry, it is sanded, painted and varnished. Are Beijing opera masks made using additive or subtractive process?

8. Sculpture/ Masks & Culture Venetian masks are a centuries-old tradition of Venice, Italy. The masks are worn during the Carnival of Venice as a device for hiding the wearer's identity and social status. They are characterized by their ornate design, bright colors, and complex decorations. Traditionally, Venetian masks are made by using either paper mache layered over a mold. Once the mask is dry it is varnished and then decorated. Are Venetian masks made using additive or subtractive process?

9. Sculpture/ Masks & Culture The Nuna peoples of Burkina Faso, Africa use their masks in rituals and dances meant to call upon the forces of nature and animal spirits for protection. They are characterized by large round protruding eyes, surrounded by concentric circles, and a short snout. They are carved from solid wood and then painted.

10. Sculpture/ Creating a mask with plaster and additive process

11. Sculpture/ Relevant Definitions & Examples Paper Mache- A material, made from paper pulp or shreds of paper mixed with glue or paste, that can be molded into various shapes when wet and becomes hard and suitable for painting and varnishing when dry. Varnish- Resin dissolved in a liquid for applying on wood, metal, or other materials to form a hard, clear, shiny surface when dry Resin- A clear or translucent, viscous substance of plant origin used principally in lacquers, varnishes, inks, and adhesives. Can range from yellow to dark brown. Batik - A method of dyeing textiles by which the parts of the fabric not intended to be dyed are covered with removable wax..