1. Difference, Power and Privilege Diversity Literacy Week 1 / Lecture 1 Prepared by Claire Kelly

2. The Diversity Wheel Work Background Income Parental Status Geographic Location Religious Beliefs African Traditions Education Marital Status Age Race Sexual / affectional orientation Gender Ethnicity Physical abilities / qualities Adapted from Loden & Rosener’s Diversity Wheel cited in Johnson, A. G. (2001). Privilege, power and difference (Chapters 3 & 8). Boston: McGraw-Hill. (p. 15-41 & 96-116) Prepared by Claire Kelly

3. The Diversity Wheel  Doesn’t say much about you as an individual but says volumes about social reality i.e. your positioning.  Not all difference is created equal: inner and outer circle.  What is the difference between the inner and outer circle? Prepared by Claire Kelly

4. Difference & Power  The problem is not difference, the problem is that our world is organized to use difference to exclude, oppress, devalue, discredit  Different positioning confers different opportunities i.e. difference access to resources  Why and how such patterns come about, why are they maintained? Prepared by Claire Kelly

5. Difference as Social Construct  Social structuring is a social process : what we experience as real is a cultural creation  Differences only become significant if we live in a culture that recognizes them as such  Differences change over time but are generally long lasting  Rarely, if ever, experienced as such - just the way things are  “Difference maintained by a normative order that supports those who accept the division and constrains those who seek to alter it.” (Payne, p. 242) Prepared by Claire Kelly

6. Unsettling the normative order….  Insert: Picture of Piet Dlamini who is an African man (black) and also an Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB)supporter, which is awhite supremacist organization.  http://roganward.blogspot.com/2010/04/awb- man.html http://roganward.blogspot.com/2010/04/awb- man.html  http://www.google.co.za/search?q=Piet+Dlamini +&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en- ZA:official&client=firefox-a http://www.google.co.za/search?q=Piet+Dlamini +&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en- ZA:official&client=firefox-a Prepared by Claire Kelly

7. Unsettling the normative order….  Insert: Picture of Thomas Beatie, who is the “man who fell pregnant.” Beatie is a transgender male.  http://www.thomasbeatie.com/ http://www.thomasbeatie.com/  www.youtube.com/watch?v=jho1UCPDqXg www.youtube.com/watch?v=jho1UCPDqXg Prepared by Claire Kelly

8. Privilege  Insert: Picture of a cartoon demonstrating white privilege. You can choose any “white privilege” image that you think your audience will understand.  http://thefreshxpress.com/2011/03/white-aint- right-or-is-it/ http://thefreshxpress.com/2011/03/white-aint- right-or-is-it/  http://cosmologyofwhiteness.blogspot.com/2011 /04/whiteness-and-white-privilege-paradigm.html http://cosmologyofwhiteness.blogspot.com/2011 /04/whiteness-and-white-privilege-paradigm.html Prepared by Claire Kelly

9. Privilege  “When one group has something of value that is denied to others simply because of the groups they belong to” (McIntosh)  You don’t have to do anything for it  Privilege is structural : “The path of least resistance”  Social position versus subjective experience: The power of privilege is that it rarely experienced as such. Prepared by Claire Kelly

10. Privilege / Normativity  Insert: Thembinkosi Goniwe, “Untitled”. Picture of a black man and a white man, both with white plasters on their faces. The plaster appears very obvious that it was made for white skin.  http://www.artthrob.co.za/01nov/images/goniw e01a.jpg http://www.artthrob.co.za/01nov/images/goniw e01a.jpg Prepared by Claire Kelly

11. Privilege / Normativity  Insert : A picture normalizing and privileging maleness. The picture used for the class is an image of stick figures, and the one says to the other “women suck at maths.”  http://restructure.wordpress.com/2009/06/09/ge nder-difference-in-math-ability-variability-driven- by-social-inequality-study/ http://restructure.wordpress.com/2009/06/09/ge nder-difference-in-math-ability-variability-driven- by-social-inequality-study/ Prepared by Claire Kelly

12. How Privilege Works  Three characteristics of systems of privilege:  dominated by: positions of power, power looks “natural”, entitlement  identified with: standard, the norm  centred: path of least resistance is to focus on them Prepared by Claire Kelly

13. Divisions, privilege and us  Individuals positioned and constrained but we are not wholly given… “path of least resistance” not the only path  Thomas Beattie & Piet Dlamini  To follow the “path of least resistance”, however, is to sanction the power relations that plots the route of the path – it’s like standing still on a moving train (Howard Zinn) Prepared by Claire Kelly

14. Extra References  Zinn, H. (1995) You can't be neutral on a moving train: A personal history of our times. Boston: Beacon Press Prepared by Claire Kelly