2. Renaissance  Approximately 1350-1600  Rinascita  “Rebirth” Greece, Rome  Revolution in: Literature, art, philosophy, moral and political philosophy  Individualism

3. Italian City-States

4. Why Italy?  Geography  Trade  Competition between “old” and “new” rich

5. Medici Family Cosimo de Medici Portrait by Bronzino Lorenzo de Medici Portrait by Bronzino

6. Major Features of the Renaissance  Humanism  Art  Architecture  Literature  Philosophy  Began in Italy; will spread to Northern Europe

7. Humanism  Encouraged the scholarly study of works from classical Greece and Rome  Education highly valued  Study of the “Humanities” Grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, politics, moral philosophy, art, etc.  Emphasis on the human experience and human nature

8. Humanism Francesco Petrarch “Father of Humanism” Statue of Petrarch Florence, Italy

9. Humanism  “Civic Humanists” Inspired by Petrarch Goal: Use classical education for public good  Positive view of human nature “Platonism” or “Platonic”: based on ideas of Plato Focus on the great potential of human nature

10. Humanism Pico della Mirandola Oration on the Dignity of Man Baldassare Castiglione Book of the Courtier Portrait by Raphael

11. Humanism Lorenzo VallaChristine de Pisan

12. Renaissance Art  Art used to glorify people as well as God  New techniques More naturalistic and realistic Frescoes: paintings done on wet plaster using water-based paint Chiaroscuro: use of contrast between light and dark to show depth Three-dimensional images Single-point perspective Oil paint

13. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) The Last Supper (1498) Mona Lisa Early 1500’s

14. Leonardo da Vinci The Vitruvian Man 1485 Sketches: human arm c. 1510

15. Raphael (1483-1520) Raphael Sanzio da Urbino Madonna of the Meadow 1506

16. Raphael

17. Michelangelo (1475-1564)

18. Michelangelo

20. Michelangelo (1475-1564)

21. Images from the Sistine Chapel

22. Sandro Botticelli (1445-1510)

23. Sandro Botticelli

24. Renaissance Architecture Gothic Architecture Used in Middle Ages Cathedral of Florence

25. Renaissance Literature  Various themes: religious, secular (non-religious), politics, etc.  Vernacular: Language spoken by the people Ex: Italian in Italy, French in France, etc  Printing press Gutenberg

26. Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375)

27. Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)

28. Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)

29. Northern Renaissance

30. Goeffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)

31. Northern Renaissance  Christian Humanists Erasmus Sir Thomas Moore

32. Desiderius Erasmus (1466?-1536)

33. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)

34. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

35. Impact of the Renaissance  Gave rise to a more modern Europe  Humanism  Individualism