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2. The Market Technology & Operating Principals Typical Configurations Applications ESTA aM&T Conference Future Trends - Clamp-On Flow Metering

3. Clamp-On flow metering The Market Portable Ultrasonic Meters; The only realistic option for temporary applications One unit can measure any pipe diameter. Non intrusive No system downtime Dedicated Meters; Non intrusive Low cost. Particularly on large pipes No moving parts Simple low cost installation No down time for maintenance No Pressure Drop - Energy efficient! Result is Low lifetime cost The markets for Clamp-On Ultrasonic flow metering are established Significant potential for Growth Major cost savings over technologies requiring in-line installation Up to 90 percent with additional installation & operational benefits!

4. Clamp-On flow metering The Theory Time of Flight is suitable for clean liquids < 2% particles or contaminates Doppler is only suitable for contaminated or aerated liquids. There are 2 Ultrasonic technologies used- ‘Time of Flight’ and ‘Doppler’

5. Clamp-On flow metering Theory - Time of Flight Time of Flight Ultrasonic Meters measure the Transit Time of a beam of Ultrasound Flow velocity is calculated from the difference in time taken for the sound to travel either upstream against the flow or downstream. This time difference is extremely small for example 30 nanoseconds (30 x 10 -9 sec) for a flow of 1 metre/sec in a 100mm pipe. In order to achieve accuracy particularly on smaller pipes with very low flows it is necessary to have a system that will resolve time differences of less than 0.5 nanosecond. Nominal accuracy for most Clamp-On systems is between 1-3% of flow rate above 0.3metres/sec. A B Flow Sensor Block Liquid Pipe wall

6. Clamp-On flow metering Theory - Doppler When ultrasound hits a moving particle or gas bubble The reflected sound can be detected and the frequency shift measured. The frequency change is proportional to flow velocity which is converted to volumetric flow rate by multiplying by the cross sectional area of the pipe. Flow Sensor Block Liquid Pipe wall

7. Clamp-On flow metering Typical Configurations Dedicated Clamp-On Flow and Heat Meters Time of Flight meters for clean liquids Doppler portable meters for dirty liquids Mains, 24V DC, Battery Powered aM&T and BEMS compatible LCD or Graphics Displays Current, Pulse, RS 232/485 outputs Blind units pre-programmed for fit and forget applications Prices ranging from £800 to £3000. But Technology is driving prices down! Portable and Dedicated or Fixed Clamp-On Instruments and Meters for Flow Measurement Portable Clamp-on instruments Time of Flight meters for clean liquids Doppler portable meters for dirty liquids LCD or Graphics Displays Battery Powered Data Logging Portable meters range in price from £600- £6000 depending on facilities offered and the level of performance. But Technology is driving prices down!

8. Clamp-On flow metering Typical Configurations

9. Dedicated or Fixed Meters

10. Clamp-On flow metering Applications Portable and Dedicated Instruments and Meters for the following areas Chilled Water/LPHW/MTHW flow metering Thermal energy flow measurements when combined with diff temp measurement System commissioning Temporary monitoring (Trend/Consumption) Flow confirmation Effluent discharge measurements Plant Diagnostics & Leak detection

11. Improving energy efficiency using Clamp-on meters The low cost installation of a clamp-on meters to monitor flow and to identify instantly any change in performance a significant step towards ensuring energy efficient operation. Portable meters enable fast accurate energy audits. System balancing and defective in-line meter replacement can be performed without draining down. Leak Detection and water wastage can be simply tracked. Logging the use of Heat or coolth process and building services can now be achieved using clamp-on heat meters, driving down the cost of secondary metering.

12. A Micronics Portaflow 300 was used to measure the flow of a 75kw pump that was operating into a control valve on the discharge side that was only 20% open. Obviously the pump was oversized and working inefficiently and was calculated that 66% of energy used was wasted. The pump was replaced with an 11kW unit at a capital cost of £1500. Energy costs were reduced from £5698 to £926 per year giving a payback period of approximately 4 months. Case Study- Pump Efficiency

13. Example of cost savings that can be achieved by selecting a clamp-on meter instead of a conventional inline meter for a Building Services retrofit application. A Borough Council now required to manage schools within its area was updating its plant monitoring in line with Part L2 of the Building Regulations. Heat delivered from a school central boiler house installation was due to be metered and quotations to supply and install Heat meters were requested from several companies offering in-line meters. The adoption of Clamp-On ultrasonic Heat Meters offered the Council the opportunity to save 40% of the cost of a similar in-line installation. Reduced disruption, no draining of pipe work, no residual venting problems, easier maintenance, and no pressure drop were all additional benefits that could not be matched by using an in-line meter. Case Study- Luton Borough Council

14. Conclusions Chilled Water/LPHW/MTHW flow metering Thermal energy flow measurements when combined with differential temperature measurement System commissioning Temporary monitoring (Trend/Consumption logging) Flow confirmation Effluent discharge measurements Plant Diagnostics & Leak detection Clamp-On metering offers - Low Cost installation, Minimum Disruption and Plant down time with Low Life Time Costs Thank You - Questions please There is considerable scope for an increase in the Trend of use of Clamp-On Metering Products within Building Services and Process Industries including: