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05/09/20101 The Great Awakening: 18 th Century America “From the Reformation to the Constitution” Bill Petro your friendly neighborhood historian www.billpetro.com/v7pc.

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Presentation on theme: "05/09/20101 The Great Awakening: 18 th Century America “From the Reformation to the Constitution” Bill Petro your friendly neighborhood historian www.billpetro.com/v7pc."— Presentation transcript:

1 05/09/20101 The Great Awakening: 18 th Century America “From the Reformation to the Constitution” Bill Petro your friendly neighborhood historian www.billpetro.com/v7pc

2 05/09/20102 Objectives By the end of this session you should be able to Trace development of the Great Awakening Identify the key players: 3 W’s Outline the life of Jonathan Edwards

3 05/09/20103 American Church History ColonialNationalModern 17871865 CalvinismArminianism Biblistic Rationalism Liberalism Subjectivism Existentialism Theocentrism Anthropocentrism Liberalism

4 05/09/20104 Revivalism 1.God’s saints are revived 2.They share their faith locally 3.Missionary enterprise beyond the locale 4.Social outreach

5 05/09/20105 Colonies: 1750

6 05/09/20106 Middle Colonies Course of Awakening 1720’s: Theodore Fruelinghausen N. New Jersey Dutch pastor – Rariton River Valley He noticed some of his Deacons were becoming converted New Brunswick, NJ – Presbyterians William Tennent and his Irish sons

7 05/09/20107 William Tennent 1673-1745 Presbyterian evangelist Log College

8 05/09/20108 Northern Course of Awakening 1734-37: Connecticut River Valley - Congregationalists: Northampton to the Atlantic Died down for 3 years Enflamed under Whitefield: Boston, Salem, Portsmouth, all of New England Leadership and writings of Jonathan Edwards

9 05/09/20109 “Evangelicalism” Premise: conversion, “new birth” Puritans: public profession 1730s, 40s: “Awakenings” Colonies, England, Wales, Scotland Mass conversions, open air preaching of the Word Split churches: “New Lights/New Side” vs. “Old Lights/Old Side”

10 05/09/201010 Southern Course of Awakening Presbyterians in N. Virginia Baptists (Separate Congregationalists) in New England (Connecticut) expands to Separate Baptists in N. Carolina From 6,000 – 20,000 in 3 years, foundation of Southern Baptists

11 05/09/201011 Baptists In America since 17 th century Galvanized by Great Awakening

12 05/09/201012 The 3 W’s Whitefield EdWardsWesley

13 05/09/201013 George Whitefield 1714 - 1770 In 1738 made 1st of 7 visits to the America Ordained Anglican “Great Itinerant” Member of Wesley’s Oxford “Holy Club” Popular as G. Washington Huge crowds: 30,000

14 05/09/201014 Preaching in the Field Collapsible Field pulpit

15 05/09/201015 The New Birth John 3:1-8 Whitefield: “How this glorious Change is wrought in the Soul cannot easily be explained."

16 05/09/201016 Ben Franklin on Whitefield Heard Whitefield preach in Colonies & England: Philadelphia Hall Georgia orphanage Size of crowds Pleased with discourse

17 05/09/201017 John Wesley 1703 - 1791 “a brand plucked from the burning”

18 05/09/201018 Wesley vs. Whitefield Son of Anglican rectorSon of tavern keeper Strict religious upbringingWorldly influences Conversion: Aldersgate, 35Oxford, 21 Preaching: Intellectual, doctrinalDramatic, emotional Arminian (semi-Augustinian)Calvinistic Exceptional organizerExceptional preacher

19 05/09/201019 Methodism Hierarchical Episcopal

20 05/09/201020 Methodists: Francis Asbury 1745-1816 Leader in 2 nd Great Awakening

21 05/09/201021

22 05/09/201022 Jonathan Edwards 1703-1758 Interpreter of and apologist for the Great Awakening

23 05/09/201023 First Churches, Northampton Fifth Meeting House

24 05/09/201024 Jonathan Edwards In memory of Jonathan Edwards Minister of Northampton From Feb 15, 1727 to June 22, 1750 “The law of truth was in his mouth, and iniquity was not found in his lips: he walked with me in peace and equity, and did turn many away from iniquity” Malachi 2:6

25 05/09/201025 Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. Enfield, July 8, 1741

26 05/09/201026 Revival of Northampton

27 05/09/201027 Jonathan Edwards, A Life

28 02/14/201028

29 05/09/201029 “Denominationalism” Primary expression of American Christianity, post 1740’s Based, in part, on freedom to differ Denomination vs. Sect Inclusive vs. Exclusive The true church cannot be identified with any single ecclesiastical structure Seed planted by Reformers: not of bishops but of believers Architected by Congregationalists at Westminster Assembly

30 05/09/201030 Effects of the Great Awakening 80% of Americans unified in common understanding of Christian life and faith Dissent/dissenters enjoyed greater respect: Baptists, Methodists, Presbyterians Emphasis on education: Univ. of Penn, UNC

31 05/09/201031 Effects of the Great Awakening, cont Preaching to Indians and Slaves Reinterpreted Covenant: man’s response Dissolution of Theocracy: disestablishment in VA & NC, democratization Breakdown in theological consensus: New/Old Lights

32 05/09/201032 1-Word Summary PilgrimsSeparatists PuritansSaints DenominationsInclusive WhitefieldDramatic WesleyMethodism EdwardsGlory Great AwakeningFire

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