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Strategies to Increase Connectedness in Online Mathematics Courses Sonia Ford Midland College Midland, Texas AMATYC 2013 S001
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Goals Benefits and Challenges to Online Learning/Teaching Community of Inquiry Model Strategies to Increase Connectedness Survey Results Suggestions
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Benefits of Online Courses Opportunity Flexibility Innovations in Teaching
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Challenges of Online Courses Assessment of Student Learning Time Commitment Student Feelings of Isolation
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Isolation High Attrition Low Student Satisfaction Lower Perceived Student Learning
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Community of Inquiry Model Garrison, Anderson, Archer (2000)
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Cognitive Presence “the extent to which the participants in any particular configuration of a community of inquiry are able to construct meaning through sustained communication” (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000, p. 89)
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Cognitive Presence Practical Inquiry Model (Dewey, 1933) ◦Triggering event ◦Exploration ◦Integration ◦Resolution
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Social Presence “the ability of participants in the Community of Inquiry to project their personal characteristics into the community, thereby presenting themselves to other participants as ‘real people’.” (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000, p. 89)
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Social Presence Emotional Expression Open Communication Group Cohesion (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000)
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Teacher Presence “includes the selection, organization, and primary presentation of course content, as well as the design and development of learning activities and assessment” (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000, p. 90)
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Teacher Presence Instructional Management Building Understanding Direct Instruction (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000)
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Community of Inquiry Model Garrison, Anderson, Archer (2000)
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Strategies to Increase Connectedness Introduction Activities ◦Introduction ◦Scavenger Hunt ◦Video Conference/Chat
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Strategies to Increase Connectedness Discussion Boards ◦Participation ◦Topics Introduction Study Skills Reflections Math Help Website and Video Links Math and My Subject ◦Assessment
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Strategies to Increase Connectedness Checking In Reports ◦Participation ◦Topics ◦Assessment
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Strategies to Increase Connectedness Online Videos ◦Instructor Introduction ◦Instructor Mathematics Videos ◦YouTube, Khan Academy, Patrick JMT, etc.
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Strategies to Increase Connectedness Help Requests ◦E-mail ◦Module Questions ◦Virtual Café
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Survey Results Online Student Connectedness Survey (Bolliger & Inan, 2012) Factors of Connectedness ◦Comfort ◦Community and Social Presence ◦Instructor Facilitation ◦Interaction and Collaboration
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Survey Results Administered during Fall 2012 and Spring 2013 Courses ◦Introductory Algebra ◦Intermediate Algebra* ◦College Algebra* ◦Statistics ◦Business Math I & II ◦Precalculus* *courses I currently teach
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Survey Results N = 131 MSD Comfort4.26.79 Community2.36.79 Facilitation4.13.71 Interaction and Collaboration2.761.10
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Survey Results N = 131 ComfortCommunityFacilitationInteraction and Collaboration Course Tool Discussion Board.25*.26*.22.13 Video Conferencing.25*.13.26*.10 Blogs.27*.06.28*-.04 Instructor Math Videos.09.10.26*.01 Instructor Introduction Video.23.11.42**.06 *p <.05, **p <.01
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Strategies to Increase Connectedness Your suggestions?
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References Bolliger, D. U., & Inan, F. A. (2012). Development and validation of the online student connectedness survey (OSCS). The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 13(3), 41-65. Dewey, J. (1933). How we think. Boston, MA: Health. Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (2000). Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(2-3), 87-105. Palloff, R. M., & Pratt, K. (2007). Building online learning communities: Effective strategies for the virtual classroom (2 nd ed.) San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
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Thank you! Sonia Ford Professor of Mathematics Midland College sford@midland.edu
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