2. “John Marshall has made his decision;
Jackson v. Marshall
Famous words:
“John Marshall has made his decision;
now let him enforce it”

3. Jackson’s Response Indian Removal Act of 1830
Treaties forced Native Americans to give up their land
Pressured Indians signed over 90 treaties
He thought the policy was generous
He saw no chance of assimilation

4. What do you think?...
What else could Jackson have done?

5. “The Great Father” with his Native American children

6. Winfield Scott The Enforcer
sent to enforce the Indian removal Act
Backed by 7000 troops
Most of the troops considered this Indian Removal among the cruelest work they’d ever faced

7. The Trail of Tears
Some Cherokee, fearing for their lives, agreed to relocate & signed treaties
US gov’t treated these few like a majority
1838 – Cherokee were relocated to Oklahoma
Faced an 800+ mile journey mainly on foot
1 out of 4 did not make it
Interesting point… in 1838, who was in office?
(Hint: It wasn’t Jackson)

9. The Trail of Tears-
One of the most horrific and regrettable events in American History

10. Trail of Tears

11. The Horrors of the Trail of Tears
Cold, starvation, dysentery, smallpox, cholera, tuberculosis, and road accidents
1 in 4 did not survive the journey
Also subjected to theft, rape, and other brutalities by some of the troops

12. Red Cloud
“The Great Father” sends us presents and wants us to sell him the road, but the white chief goes with soldiers to steal the road before the Indians say yes or no!"

14. SO WHAT’S THE POINT? ... things worth remembering
Specie
Panic of 1837
Van Buren is left to clean up Jackson’s mess
President Harrison dies in office!
Whigs regret “His Accidency”, John Tyler
“The man without a party”
The campaign of 1840, images and slogans
“Tippecanoe and Tyler, too”

15. Van Buren, Harrison, & Tyler
dealing with Jackson’s legacy

16. VAN BUREN PRESIDENCY
Jackson would not run for a third term, instead supported VP Van Buren
Whigs ran 3 regional candidates against him
Van Buren won in 1836 with Jackson’s endorsement

18. VAN BUREN PRESIDENCY Van Buren faces problems with the banks
“wildcat” Pet banks lent out more currency than they could back with gold and silver
notes issued were worthless without backing
federal government suffered when worthless notes were used to buy land
US Treasury ordered that only “specie” could buy land
Specie: gold or silver
result: people ran to banks to trade in currency for specie

20. VAN BUREN PRESIDENCY
Panic of 1837, bank closings & the collapse of the credit system
banks stopped accepting all paper money
many lost their savings
hundreds of businesses bankrupted
more than 1/3 the population was out of work
President Van Buren’s efforts to improve the economy after the Panic all failed

21. ELECTION OF 1840
Van Buren runs for reelection against Whig Party candidate William Henry Harrison
Tippecanoe & Tyler, too!

23. ELECTION OF 1840 Campaigning: The Image: The Truth:
Whigs promoted Harrison as a war hero, a man of the people, & Van Buren as a pampered, privileged aristocrat
The Truth:
in truth, Harrison was born wealthy and lived in a mansion, while Van Buren was the son of a tavern owner who never made much money

25. ELECTION OF 1840 Campaigning (continued)
Harrison’s symbols: a log cabin & hard cider, to show that he was a common man
Harrison called “Old Tippecanoe” a nod to his achievements in battle

26. ELECTION OF 1840
William Henry Harrison Wins
Tip and Ty What's the cause of this commotion, motion, motion, Our country through? It is the ball a-rolling on For Tippecanoe and Tyler too. For Tippecanoe and Tyler too. And with them we'll beat little Van, Van, Van, Van is a used up man. And with them we'll beat little Van. First verse and chorus

27. HARRISON /TYLER PRESIDENCY
Inaugural address
Hoped to look like a battle-hardened war hero, Harrison gave a lengthy (8455 words) inaugural address in the rain, on a cold bleary day

28. HARRISON /TYLER PRESIDENCY
Harrison in Office
Harrison Immediately began to enact the Whig program for economic repair
quickly caught pneumonia and died
Harrison served less than a month as president
the first president ever to die in office

30. HARRISON /TYLER PRESIDENCY
John Tyler, VP, took over for Harrison
Whigs chose him for the Harrison ballot because he’d bring the southern vote
Tyler actually opposed many Whig programs
called “His Accidency,” by the Whigs, because of how he’d become president & how much the Whig party regretted nominating him for VP!
Eventually Tyler’s rejected by the Whigs, became “The man without a party”

31. SO WHAT’S THE POINT? ... things worth remembering
Specie
Panic of 1837
Van Buren is left to clean up Jackson’s mess
President Harrison dies in office!
Whigs regret “His Accidency”, John Tyler
“The man without a party”
The campaign of 1840, images and slogans
“Tippecanoe and Tyler, too”