1. The Latin West
AP World History
Ch 16

2. Chapter 16 Topics Rural Growth and Crisis Urban Revival
Learning, Literature and Renaissance
Political and Military Transformations

3. Tips for understanding
Read the introduction to chapter pg. 394
Review timeline
Read conclusion page 415
Read “Environment and Technology” section pg. 406 The Clock

4. Part 1. Rural Growth and Crisis

5. The Latin West Western Europeans regarded themselves as “Latin”
due to their allegiance to the Latin rites of Christianity and to the Pope in Rome.
Latin was also the language used by their literate members.

6. The Latin West
90% of the western European population was rural during the late Middle Ages.
The manor system did not create a huge surplus of food.
Peasants overworked and underpaid by Lords

7. Three Field System Agricultural system used to increase crop yields.
Crops grown on 2/3 of land.
1/3 of farm planted in oats.
Oats replenished the soil and fed draft animals to help work fields.
54 hour week avg. for farmers.
Population growth leads to new settlements as food production increases.

8. Swamps drained forests cleared for farms.
After 1250 many farming on land with poor soil
Great Famine
Due to bad weather and poor soils.
Starvation widespread in Europe.
Life expectancy years.

9. Black Death
Bubonic plague brought to Europe by Genoese )Italian) traders.

10. Black Death
Killed 1 out of every 3 western Europeans

12. Impact of Plague
Laborers demand higher pay
Peasant Revolutions

13. Increase in per capita income
Brings about the end of serfdom in western Europe

16. Social Rebellion
Wat Tyler in 1381 led English peasants in a revolt in London.
Demanded an end to serfdom and most kinds of manorial dues (taxes).
Wanted higher wages and social changes.
Murdered the archbishop of Canterbury and many officials.

17. Serfdom practically disappears.
The welfare of the rural masses generally improved after the Black Death.

18. Population Growth
From population of Europe doubles to 80 million (about the same as China’s)
Causes:
Economic growth
Warm temperatures
Few epidemics
New farming techniques

19. New Industries
Water wheels, windmills and mines spring up along rivers.
Waterwheels
Had long been common in Islamic societies
Along with windmills provided power for increased food production and jobs.

20. Rise of Industry and Cities
The water wheel provided the power for increased production.
Wind and water driven mills ground flour and corn.
The technology had existed in the Islamic world for a century.
Mill owners soon became very rich men!

22. End Part 1