1. By: Tyler Axdorff

2. Electrical Engineering Electrical Engineering is the study of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. The main body of work that I have done would be dealing with electronics. Electronics can vary from small complex electronic circuits, to very large super computers. Electronics has had a huge impact on the world, the way we communicate, store information, transmit data, and much more.

3. Cryogenics Project The goal of the project is to study the flow of combined liquids and gases at very low temperatures. For example using liquid hydrogen for fuel in a vehicle. This is the new cryostat it was created in 2006 by Bobby Brown. These are the old projects parts. As the team decided to expand the project it was evident that we needed to build a new current source, buffer, and cryostat.

4. Where The Buffer Fits In The Big Picture Sensor Buffer It gives the signal from the sensor a higher current so the computer can capture the data. Current Source

5. Board Design One of the steps in building the board, is trying to design a system that fits on a standard purchasable board. My initial idea, notice the I/O’s going in all different directions. After a few revisions I ended up with a board with a much neater layout

6. The Final Product The Buffer is completed, a enclosure must be designed to encompass a modified power supply and house the connectors to the sensors. Completed circuit after assembly. Circuit Schematic (1 channel)

7. Test Results/Conclusions 71.08mV71.09mV.01mV 72.29mV.00mV 69.21mV.00mV 75.25mV75.26mV.01mV 77.55mV77.57mV.02mV 72.15mV.00mV 76.54mV.00mV 73.21mV73.22mV.01mV Conclusion: Buffer works as intended Design requirements fulfilled, the DC offset is less than 2mV. 1234567812345678 Channel Voltage InVoltage OutVoltage Offset AC 2.0793V2.0806V.0013V 2.0894V2.0911V.0017V 2.0895V2.0911V.0016V 2.1046V2.1060V.0014V 2.1044V2.1059V.0015V 2.0946V2.0970V.0024V 2.0644V2.0652V.0008V 2.0680V2.0700V.0020V Voltage InVoltage OutVoltage Offset DC

8. Acknowledgements Faculty Advisor: Dr. John Krupczak Hope Engineering Department Summer Research Staff NSF

9. A picture of the final design, complete with all 8 independent channels. After the Buffer is completed, a enclosure must be designed to encompass a modified power supply and house the connectors to the sensors. The Final Product