1. The Sentence An idea or expresses complete thought words word or words

2. What makes a sentence?
Must begin with a CAPITAL letter!
Must have a subject!
Must have a predicate!
Must complete an idea or complete thought!
Must end in the correct punctuation!

3. subject
verb
and
The subject of a sentence is who or what the sentence is about.
The verb of a sentence
tells what the subject is or is doing.
told everyone
about the wreck.
Tyler
The boy
ran.
Marquita
sobbed.
Shekora
painted.
Shawn
plays the piano.
The girls on the team
played well.

4. The SUBJECT of a Sentence
Noun form:
Noun: person, place, thing, or idea
Gerund: We will cover later!!
Infinitives: Again, we will cover later!!
Generally at the beginning of a sentence.
Can be in the middle or end TOO!!!
Who or What the sentence is about.

5. EXCEPTIONS: Exceptions to the locations of the subject and verb are:
questions
sentences with introductory phrases that function as adverbs; sentence begins after the comma.
There are other exceptions, but these two are the main ones that may give you trouble?

6. How Do I Find the Subject?
Ask who or what
the sentence is about.

7. The complete subject is the main word and all its modifiers.
Types of Subjects
The complete subject is the main word and all its modifiers.
The simple subject or the subject is the main word in the complete subject.
The four new students arrived early.
Complete subject
The four new students
Simple subject students

8. The Verb of a Sentence
Tells what the subject
is or is doing

9. what is the subject doing.
How Do I Find the verb?
Ask what is the subject or
what is the subject doing.

10. The complete predicate is the verb and all its modifiers.
Types of Predicates
The simple predicate, or verb, is the main word or group of words in the complete predicate.
The complete predicate is the verb and all its modifiers.
Sara’s sister took us bowling yesterday.
Complete Predicate took us bowling yesterday
Simple predicate took

11. REMEMBER A Sentence Must begin with a CAPITAL letter!
Must have a subject!
Must have a predicate!
Must complete an idea or complete thought!
Must end in the correct punctuation!

12. Diagramming Sentences
Diagramming sentences allows you to see each word and its use in a sentence. Each part of speech is identified by placement on a diagram, which will help you see how it functions and its purpose in a sentence.
Like a math equation, diagramming has a pattern to follow. Each line in a diagram has a purpose whether it is horizontal, vertical, or diagonal.

13. Why Diagram a Sentence?
Shows relationship between words and how they are used in a sentence.
It becomes a picture instead of just a group of words.
Breaks down languages to help other language learners.
Helps to write clear sentences.
Helps identify errors in word usage and punctuation.
Helps you learn parts of speech in small steps.
Helps you visualize sentences as you write them.

14. STEP 1: Do I have a sentence?
Make sure you have a sentence; if not, make necessary corrections.
Begins with a capital letter
Contains a Subject
Contains a Verb
Correct end punctuation
Conveys a thought or idea

15. STEP 2: The Subject
On a diagram the subject is placed on the horizontal line and left of the vertical line.
The vertical line separates the subject from the verb.

16. Step 2: The Subject Diagram Structure: Subject
EXAMPLE: Sentence: Students learn.
Diagram:
Q. Who or what is the sentence about?
A. The sentence is about students.
Students

17. Step 3: The Verb
Ask what the subject is doing, has done, or will do or what is being done to the subject.
This will be your verb.
Remember the verb shows action or state of being, and is the beginning of the predicate.
Place to the right of the vertical line.

18. Step 3: The Verb Diagram Structure: subject verb
EXAMPLE 1: Sentence: Students learn.
Diagram: Students learn
Q. Students do what? A. Students learn.
EXAMPLE 2: Sentence: Mr. White teaches.
Diagram: Mr. White teaches

19. STEP 4: The Direct Object
The direct object receives the action of the verb.
Will be a noun, pronoun, or a phrase functioning as a noun.
Simply ask what of the verb.
If you can’t answer what of the verb, a D.O. is not present.
Direct Object will follow the verb.
Unless an Indirect Object is present
Direct Object will come after the Indirect Object
On a diagram direct object follows the verb after the vertical line that meets the horizontal line.
Subject verb direct object

20. Step 4: Direct Object Diagram Structure: subject verb direct object
EXAMPLE 1:
The sentence: Students learn writing.
The diagram: Students learn writing
EXAMPLE 2:
The sentence: Mr. White teaches Creative Writing.
The diagram: Mr. White teaches Creative Writing

21. Step 5: The Indirect Object
An indirect object tells to whom or for whom something is done.
The indirect object will be a noun.
Ask to whom(what) or for whom(what) of the verb.
The indirect object will be located between the verb and direct object in the sentence.
Other forms of diagramming place the indirect object under the verb; however, we will place it after a diagonal line after the direct object.

22. Step 5: The Indirect Object
Diagram Structure:
subject verb direct object indirect object
EXAMPLE 1:
Sentence: Mr. White teaches students Creative Writing.
The diagram:
Mr. White teaches Creative Writing students

23. Step 6: Adverbs
Adverbs modify or give description to verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.
Adverbs answer the questions:
“How?”, “When?”, and “Where?” of the verb.
It will answer the question “To what extent?” of adjectives and other adverbs.
On a diagram place adverbs on a diagonal line under the word they modify or describe.

24. Step 6: Adjectives
Adjectives modify or give description to nouns or pronouns.
It will answer the questions:
what kind, how many, or which one.
On a diagram adjectives are placed on a diagonal line under the word, words, or phrases they modify or describe.

25. Step 6: Adverbs & Adjectives
Diagram Structure:
subject verb direct object indirect object
adjective
adverb
adjective
adjective

26. Step 7: Prepositional Phrases
Describe words they follow.
Diagram Structure:
subject verb direct object indirect object
Preposition
Object of the Preposition