1. Increasing production of chickpea & pigeonpea through Intensive application of Integrated Pest Management Project Proposal 2010-12 Under Accelerated Pulses Production Programme N ATIONAL C ENTRE F OR I NTEGRATED P EST M ANAGEMENT LBS Building IARI Campus, NEW DELHI

2. In rainfed ecology realizing yield potential of promising varieties depends upon management of biotic and abiotic stresses EdaphicAbioticBiotic Plant Diseases Insects Nematodes Chickpea - Area =7.63 Mh Production= 5.47 MT Source DAC Govt. of India (2006-07) Pigeonpea - Area =3.53 Mh Production= 2.35 MT

3. Yield Gap in Pulses Source : Expert Committee Report on Pulses (TMOP) / MOA

4. Estimated loss* (%) due to specific pests in Chickpea and Pigeonpea ChickpeaPigeonpea Pod borer10-90%Pod borer complex40-60% Cutworm 5-30%Phytophthora blight5-10% Termites5-15%Wilt10-15% Semilooper0-10%Sterlity mosaic10-15% Wilt/rootrot20-25% Alternaria blight10-15% Ascochyta 5-10% Podfly complex10-50% Botrytis5-10% * Experimental results

6. No resistance gene for podborer, hence >30% yield losses in Chickpea Insects The IPM has reduced use of chemical pesticides from 4 to 1 with benefit ratio of 4.79 against 2.37 in Non-IPM

17. PestModerate damage areas High damage areas Wilt UP, Bihar, Jharkh, Guj, T N, WB M S, Karnat, AP MP PB M S, W B U P SMV Guj, A P U P, Bihar, M.S., Karnat T N Pod borer U P, Bihar, W B, Jharkhand M S, Guj, Karnat, A P, T N (H armigera) Pod fly U P, Bihar, Jhark, Pun, Hary, U P, Bihar, Jhark, W B M P Root knot M S U P, Bihar, Gujarat Cyst Nematode ` M S, A P, T N Status of Major Pests of Pigeonpea in India

18. Contribution of plant protection in increasing yield of pulses Crop Percentage Increase Pigeon pea44.57 Moog bean 42.20 Urd bean 48.50 Chickpea23.64 Lentil 25.00 Based on field experiments

20. Outline of the project

21. OBJECTIVES To develop “Nuclear Model Villages” in selective districts for demonstrating IPM modules in farmers’ participatory mode to suit their cropping systems. Capacity building of technical assistants of different blocks, district/block level officers and farmers to enhance their capabilities towards healthy crop production through IPM strategies. To develop and carryout awareness campaigns through conventional (print) and electronic media, to reach areas not covered under this programme. To establish centralized “National Pest Reporting and Alert System” through networking of pulse growers, in addition to strengthening of pest diagnostic laboratory.

22. Seed treatment with Trichoderma spp. To reduced wilt incidence. Antagonists strains have potential (T. harzianum, T. viride) Intercropping with sorghum efficiently reduces wilt and pod borer. Fixing of Pheromone traps for monitoring Physical shaking of plants to dislodge grownup pod borer larvae. Spray of HaNPV for pod borer management Crude neem extract 5% (NSKE) against pod borer and pod fly. Chemical pesticides (Emamectin benzoate) under high pest load Pigeonpea IPM Module

23. Field sanitation Seed treatment with Trichoderma and Rhizobium Bird perches Growing of Coriander/Linseed as 10 th row intercrop for build up of natural enemies Pheromone traps for H. armigera monitoring Spray of NSKE 5% at flowering / pod formation stage Spray of HaNPV if necessary Endosulfan spray / Emamectin (if epidemic situation) Chickpea IPM Module

24. Area of operation by NCIPM under A3P StateDistrict/ Co-operatorArea (ha) PigeonpeaChickpea Andhra PradeshAnantapur Laxmi Reddy APAU, Hyderabad 10002000 KarnatakaGulbarga S L Shetty & K Gopali UAS, Raichur 70005000 Madhya PradeshNarsinghpur A K Bhowmick Chindwara JNKVV, Jabalpur 2000 1000 2000 MaharashtraAurangabad K R Kamle Parbhani B B Bhosle Nanded R C Lavekar Osmanabad P N Patange MAU, Parbhani 1000 2000 1000 2000 - 2000 1000 2000 Uttar PradeshBanda S K Singh Hamirpur IIPR, Kanpur 1000 2000 1000

25. Pigeonpea area under IPM in 2010

26. Chickpea area under IPM in 2010

27. Horizontal spread of IPM Selection of village = SDA + SAU to cover whole village covering maximum of allocated unit. CropCovered area across Districts I yrII yr Pigeonpea4000020000 Chickpea3200016000 Total Area (ha) in 2 years72000

28. Capacity Building Activity Venue and NCIPM partners Training of Farmers of 36 Units (Twice in crop season for hollistic crop care) Collaborative Centres (KVKs and SAUs) Tech Asst of entire A3P (118 Units) (2 days) (Hollistic crop care, pest surveillance, data recording and data feeding in computer software) Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh, Maharashtra & Gujarat Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa Rajasthan & Jharkhand ARS, Gulbarga (UAS, Raichur). JNKVV, Jabalpur MAU, Parbhani IIPR, Kanpur Representative of State Agri., Dept involved in A3P (118 units) programme. (Refresher training to update them with advancements in the crop protection system with emphasis on IPM) NCIPM, LBS Building IARI Campus, New Delhi-12

29. e - Pest Surveillance System

30. Village Katangi, Jabalpur (MP) Cercospora indica Reduction in green area (50%) Severe defoliation Drop of flowers (> 75%) and buds

32. Activity/DayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday Survey by Tech Asst Data feeding Advisories by SAUs Dissemination of advisories by SADs

33. Tech Asst of A3P For 1000 ha Data Entry through Cyber Cafe Data Entry Friday SAUs / NCIPM Elite Farmers (Meeting at village level) Village Boards, Media State Agril. Departments SMS to farmers Advisory Data analysis and issue of Advisory Monitoring, analysis & communication SAU State Data verification at SDA level Village level

34. Data collection by Tech Asst e-Pest Surveillance System Data entry Pest reports generated by above application in diff. formats i.e. tabular, graphical and maps Pest advisory fed into the system by experts Data processing Advisory dispersed to Farmers through SMS Data verification by SRF at SAU NCIPM database server Computer with net connection application Online pest reporting & advisory application Pest advisory viewed by state dept officials

35. Networking Project outlay for 2009-10: Rs 12.79 crore

38. GIS Based Mapping System

39. Advisory Search Advisory View

40. Strains of bioagents used as seed dresser are effective against Fusarium wilt, however not effective against Sclerotium rolfsii 3 days7 days Recommended seed rate :70-100 kg/ha Seed rate in use :120-150 kg/ha Seedling mortality is a key constraint in and around Jabalpur

41. Screening of some isolates of Trichoderma against F. ciceri

42. Soils from disease conducive as well as suppressive fields will be collected for analysis and identification of pathogen biotypes. Associated pathogens will be isolated for identification and their effective management and mapping of their occurrence at country level.

43. Likely Outputs Increase in Pulse production - reduction in pest incidence / intensity and saved yields. Farmers - decision makers of their own fields. economic upliftment through better C:B ratio e.g., ChickpeaIPM 1:4.79FP 1:2.37 PigeonpeaIPM 1:2.96FP 1:1.87 Reduced dependence on chemical pesticides e.g.,ChickpeaIPM 1 FP 4 PigeonpeaIPM 2FP 6 Increase in IPM coverage - healthy environment for human being as well as for pest defenders. Establishing and strengthening - quality control laboratory, critical IPM inputs producing units at SAUs / KVK will serve as a local source of critical IPM inputs. Improvement of soil health – in terms of conservation of soil inhabiting beneficial flora and fauna Quantitative Qualitative