1. DNAStructureandReplication

2. Transformation: Robert Griffith (1928)

3. DNA is the Transformer: Avery (1944)

4. Chromosomes and DNA

5. DNA has 4 Bases

6. Four DNA Bases AdenineThymine Guanine Cytosine

7. The Sugar Deoxyribose

8. The Nucleotides A G T C

9. AdenineThymine Adenine pairs with Thymine Hydrogen Bonding

10. GuanineCytosine Guanine pairs with Cytosine Hydrogen Bonding

11. DNA

12. Genes and Base Pairs: A Comparison Species Genes (estimated) Base Pairs Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) 6,00012 million Round Worm (Caenorhabditis elegans) 19,00099 million Mouse (Mus musculus) 40,0003 billion Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) 13,600165 million Human (Homo sapiens) 40,0003 billion

13. The “Central Dogma”

14. Possible Modes of DNA Replication

15. Replication: 5’ to 3’ Direction ONLY Continuous replication on one strand Discontinuous replication on one strand

16. DNA Replication is Catalyzed by Enzymes

17. DNA Polymerase Adds Complementary Bases

18. DNA Polymerase Sees Errors

19. DNA Polymerase Repairs Errors