1. fluidyn -FLOWSOL March 2006 3D numerical simulation of surface flows

2. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Introduction  Water quality : environment protection water distribution water distribution industrial emissions industrial emissions  Accidental pollution increase  Numerical simulation of pollutant species in rivers and seas

3. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST fluidyn -FLOWOIL Oil (non-miscible) pollution fluidyn -FLOWPOL Miscible pollution 2 Modules

4. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Numerical model Based on CFD : Navier Stokes 3D equations Based on CFD : Navier Stokes 3D equations Mixing and stratification in near and far fields. Mixing and stratification in near and far fields. Transient phenomena (tides) Transient phenomena (tides) Degrading down to 1D or 2D possible Degrading down to 1D or 2D possible

5. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Features Interactive generation of bathymetry Interactive generation of bathymetry Automatic generation of curvilinear mesh Automatic generation of curvilinear mesh Transient boundary conditions (water levels and flow rates) Transient boundary conditions (water levels and flow rates) Effects of wind, dissolution, evaporation Effects of wind, dissolution, evaporation Pollutant transport and dispersion Pollutant transport and dispersion Density variation (Boussinesq), salinity, temperature Density variation (Boussinesq), salinity, temperature stratification (thermal plumes). stratification (thermal plumes). Chemical database Chemical database Islands and obstacles (bridges, dams, etc). Islands and obstacles (bridges, dams, etc).

6. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST INPUT Model creation Emission Inventory Terrain data SOLVER Mesh Currents study Transport Dispersion (Navier-Stokes) OUTPUT Currents Pollutant maps Concentration evolution Features

7. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Input data Bathymetry (linear and transverse sections). Bathymetry (linear and transverse sections). Roughness (based on Manning coefficient). Roughness (based on Manning coefficient). Slope. Slope. Upstream and downstream hydraulic conditions (water Upstream and downstream hydraulic conditions (water and height). and height). Emission data (time, mass…variable with respect to time) Emission data (time, mass…variable with respect to time) Product characteristics (density, lifetime, diffusion Product characteristics (density, lifetime, diffusion coefficients). coefficients).

8. Application examples Simulation of an oil slick in the Tamise estuary fluidyn -FLOWOIL fluidyn -FLOWCOAST

9. Case description fluidyn -FLOWCOAST The main objective of this study is to analyze the The main objective of this study is to analyze the environmental consequences of a crude petrol leak in the environmental consequences of a crude petrol leak in the Tamise. Tamise. The leak is accidental and due to a canalization rupture in The leak is accidental and due to a canalization rupture in a Tanker a Tanker The source is situated near a river bank The source is situated near a river bank The flow in the Tamise estuary is influenced by the tide The flow in the Tamise estuary is influenced by the tide cycles cycles

10. Study domain fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Bathymetric Contours

11. Numerical Model of the terrain fluidyn -FLOWCOAST

12. Bathymetric contours fluidyn -FLOWCOAST

13. Terrain and Flow data fluidyn -FLOWCOAST The maximum depth reached in the estuary is 14.8 m. The maximum depth reached in the estuary is 14.8 m. The bathymetric bottom is sandy with a D50 of 1.5 mm. The bathymetric bottom is sandy with a D50 of 1.5 mm. The Manning roughness coefficient is taken at 0.1. The Manning roughness coefficient is taken at 0.1. The flow boundary conditions are unsteady and variable The flow boundary conditions are unsteady and variable with respect to the tide cycles with respect to the tide cycles

14. Emission data fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Fluid : Crude Fluid : Crude Quantity : 1000 tons Quantity : 1000 tons Fluid density : 900 Kg/m3 (at 150 C) Fluid density : 900 Kg/m3 (at 150 C) Kinetic viscosity : 0.00134 m2/s Kinetic viscosity : 0.00134 m2/s Ambient air temperature : 13 °C Ambient air temperature : 13 °C Lifetime Lifetime The product source is a pipeline of diameter 40 cm The product source is a pipeline of diameter 40 cm

15. 3D Mesh fluidyn -FLOWCOAST

16. Study of currents fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Velocity Vectors (m/s) 0 0.223 0.446 Surface velocity vectors after 1 hour

17. Study of currents fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Velocity Vectors (m/s) 0 0.389 0.778 Surface velocity vectors after 2 hours

18. Study of currents fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Velocity Vectors (m/s) 0 0.371 0.742 Surface velocity vectors after 4 hours

19. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Velocity Vectors (m/s) 0 0.277 0.555 Surface velocity vectors after 6 hours Study of currents

20. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Velocity Vectors (m/s) 0 0.642 1.285 Surface velocity vectors after 8 hours Study of currents

21. Dispersion fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Oil Concentration (kg/m 3 ) 056.0112.0 Concentration after 2 hours

22. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Concentration after 4 hours Oil Concentration (kg/m 3 ) 0 23.9 47.8 Dispersion

23. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Oil Concentration (kg/m 3 ) 0 22.78 45.57 Concentration after 6 hours Dispersion

24. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Oil Concentration (kg/m 3 ) 0 10.99 21.98 Concentration after 8 hours Dispersion

25. Example fluidyn -FLOWCOAST fluidyn -FLOWPOL Dispersion of pollutant layer in the river Seine

26. Case description fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Linear hydrocarbons over 5 km. Linear hydrocarbons over 5 km. Presence of an island. Presence of an island. Injection of 21.54 kg of Rhodamine during 57 min. Injection of 21.54 kg of Rhodamine during 57 min. Expected results: Expected results: transport time transport time distribution between the two arms of the river distribution between the two arms of the river evolution of transversal distribution in course of time evolution of transversal distribution in course of time

27. Domain and bathymetry fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Bathymetry generation from 10 cross profiles

28. 3D Mesh fluidyn -FLOWCOAST 100 grids lengthwise, 15 width wise, 6 in depth. Unrefined structured curvilinear mesh

29. fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Between the injection point and the island: no curvatures or major bathymetric variations : relatively invariant hydrological fields. From the island tip : brusque variation in bathymetry: influences the tracer distribution. Study of currents

30. Dispersion fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Concentration after 2 and 6 hours

31. Concentration after 8 and 10 hours Dispersion fluidyn -FLOWCOAST

32. Example fluidyn -FLOWCOAST fluidyn-FLOWPOL Dispersion of industrial effluents in the Seine

33. Context fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Industrial effluent discharge in Seine waters Industrial effluent discharge in Seine waters Designing an immersed diffuser (type of emission) to limit the effluent concentration in the Seine Designing an immersed diffuser (type of emission) to limit the effluent concentration in the Seine

34. Methodology fluidyn -FLOWCOAST 3D numerical modeling of flow in Seine 3D numerical modeling of flow in Seine Addition of emission sources (diffusers) Addition of emission sources (diffusers) Monitoring effluent concentrations Monitoring effluent concentrations Selection of diffuser to install Selection of diffuser to install

35. Geometry fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Geometry / bathymetry construction from IGN map and the cross profiles of the Seine over the selected zone (28 along the plot)

36. Mesh fluidyn -FLOWCOAST 3D curvilinear, unstructured mesh in order to conform to the 3D curvilinear, unstructured mesh in order to conform to the bathymetry bathymetry Fine mesh at emission source level Fine mesh at emission source level Input section mesh (upstream limit) Output section mesh (downstream limit)

37. Mesh fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Surface mesh

38. Hydraulic data fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Mean situationWater level situation Mean flow80,6 m 3 /sWater flow14,7 m 3 /s Water height 60,66 NGF (lNormal Retention level ) Water height 60,66 NGF (Normal Retention level) Modeling 2 currentology situations

39. Study of currents fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Surface velocity fields(m/s) Velocity fields (m/s) at river bed

40. Study of currents fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Velocity fields (m/s) at the inlet Velocity fields (m/s) at outlet

41. Emission Data fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Many outlet types and positions possible

42. Emission data fluidyn -FLOWCOAST

43. Dispersion results fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Surface concentration contours in mg/l Outlet concentration contours in mg/l

44. Dispersion results fluidyn -FLOWCOAST Concentration iso-surface in mg/l

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