1. CULTS: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY

2. Cult vs. Relgion Cult: A group generally considered to be extremist or false, with its followers often living in unconventional manners under the guidance of an authoritarian, charismatic leader. Religion: A set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature and purpose of the universe; How did we get here? What should we do while we are here? Where are we going from here?

3. Useful criteria for determining cult status:  Totalitarian rule  Ethical double standard  Two basic purposes: recruiting new members and fund-raising  Innovative and exclusive

4. Useful criteria for determining cult status:  Authoritarian in its power structure  Self appointed leader who is on a special mission  Cult leaders force veneration (love/devotion) upon themselves  Cult leader tends to be determined, domineering and charismatic

5. Tactics used by cults  “Soften up” the individual  Establish control over the person’s social environment  Prohibit disconfirming information (don’t talk to outsiders!)

6. Tactics used by cults  Force person to re-evaluate central aspects of their life  Create a sense of powerlessness  Create strong emotional arousals (punishments)  Intimidate the person