1. MATIENZO TREES CONIFERS Larch Monterey Pine Yew EVERGREENS Bay Eucalyptus Holm Oak Holly Italian Buckthorn Mock Privet Strawberry Tree DECIDUOUS Alder Ash Beech Birch Black Locust Black poplar Blackthorn Common Dogwood Crabapple Crack Willow Elder Field Maple Fig Grey Willow Hawthorn Hazel Lime Pendunculate Oak Plane Pyrenean Oak Sessile Oak Spindle Tree Sweet Chestnut Whitebeam Wych Elm

2. Larch Larix decidua Alerce A deciduous conifer. A small plantation exists on Muela near site 168. return

3. Monterey Pine Pinus radiata Pino insigne return

4. Yew Taxus baccata Tejo This specimen is near the top of Muela return

5. Bay Laurus nobilis Laurel Its aromatic leaves can be used in cookery return

6. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globulus Eucalipto These trees are near sites 2816 and 2817 return

7. Holm oak Quercus ilex Encina The most common of the evergreens return

8. Holly Ilex aquifolium Acebo return

9. Italian Buckthorn Rhamnus alaternus Aladierno This small evergreen tree can be recognised by the glossy light green underside of the leaves (or the display of its red berries) return

10. Mock Privet Phillyrea latifolia Labiérnago This small evergreen has pairs of leaves opposite each other return

11. Strawberry Tree Arbutus unedo Aborto or Madroño Among the unusual features of this tree: it has edible fruit that are on the tree in autumn together with the flowers for next year’s fruit return

12. Alder Alnus glutinosa Aliso return

13. Ash Fraxinus excelsior Fresno return

14. Beech Fagus sylvatica Haya An old beech tree near the bottom entrance of Cave 42 and the beechwood at Seldesuto. return

15. Birch Betula pubescens Abedul return This large birch tree is on El Naso, above La Secada

16. Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia Falsa Acacia These invasive trees can be seen in the area around Matienzo return

17. Black poplar Populus nigra Álamo or Chopo negro return

18. Blackthorn Prunus spinosa Endrino Spectacular blossom in spring and sloes for making pacharán in summer return

19. Common Dogwood Cornus sanguinea Cornejo return The leaves turn red in late summer

20. Crabapple Malus sylvestris Manzano silvestre return

21. Crack Willow Salix fragilis Mimbrera This tree is near the mill in La Secada return

22. Elder Sambucus nigra Saúco return

23. Field Maple Acer campestre Arce return

24. Fig Ficus carica Higuera Not just a garden tree. Like these examples, outside site 504, and struggling to survive in the entrance of Cueva del Agua return

25. Grey Willow Salix atrocinerea Salguera Negra return These examples are by Cueva Tablons

26. Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna Espino Albar return

27. Hazel Corylus avellana Avellano return

28. Lime Tilia platyphyllos Tilo This specimen is by the river in La Secada return

29. Pendunculate Oak Quercus robur Roble or Cagiga The most common deciduous oak in Matienzo: the acorns have a long stem return

30. Plane Platanus orientalis Plátano They can occasionally be found in other places than by the side of the road. This tree is the valley near Torca de Arnilla. return

31. Pyrenean Oak Quercus pyrenaica Rebollo A smaller oak. The leaves are very irregular and tend to stay on the tree after turning brown in Autumn return

32. Sessile Oak Quercus petraea Roble Albar Not common in Matienzo; this example is at Seldesuto. The acorns have no stem, while the leaves have a short stem. return

33. Spindle Tree Euonymus europaeus Bonetero return

34. Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa Castaño This huge chestnut tree is near site 23 return

35. Whitebeam Sorbus aria Mostajo return

36. Wych Elm Ulmus glabra Olmo de Montaña Many specimens of these trees can be seen at Seldesuto, identified by the assymetrical base of the leaves, or their seed pods in early spring. return