1. Emperor Justinian - 3 Achievements of Byzantium’s Greatest Emperor A. Justinian’s Code 1. Justinian created a law code from all previous law codes 2. Code greatly influenced European and western legal codes B. Reconquered most of the former Roman territories 1. emptied treasuries reconquering lands 2. reconquered lands could not be defended long C. Beautify and Fortify Constantinople 1. Many cultural and defensive building projects; libraries, hospitals, and churches 2. Most important! = Hagia Sophia, a Christian church 3. Hagia Sophia = most spectacular example of Byzantine architecture

2. Emperor Justinian - 3 Achievements of Byzantium’s Greatest Emperor A. Justinian’s Code 1. Justinian created a law code from all previous law codes 2. Code greatly influenced European and western legal codes B. Reconquered most of the former Roman territories 1. emptied treasuries reconquering lands 2. reconquered lands could not be defended long C. Beautify and Fortify Constantinople 1. Many cultural and defensive building projects; libraries, hospitals, and churches 2. Most important! = Hagia Sophia, a Christian church 3. Hagia Sophia = most spectacular example of Byzantine architecture

3. The Christian Church Divides Between East and West - “Great Schism” - 1054 A. Reasons for split or “schism” between east and west 1. authority of Pope not accepted by Byzantine emperor and bishops 2. practices such as celibacy not practiced in east 3. Eastern Emperor Leo banned icons, pope supported icons B. Eastern Church = Greek Orthodox Church 1. Head of church = emperor 2. centered in Constantinople 3. language of church = Greek 4. priests could marry C. Western Church = Roman Catholic Church 1. Head of church = Pope 2. centered in Rome 3. language of church = Latin 4. priests could not marry Byzantine Influence on Russia and Eastern Europe A. trade routes between Black Sea and Baltic Sea = cultural diffusion B. Russia and much of eastern Europe adopts Orthodox Christianity C. Saint Cyril adapts Greek alphabet to Slavic languages = Cyrillic Alphabet D. Cyrillic Alphabet allowed for translation of the Bible.

4. The Christian Church Divides Between East and West - “Great Schism” - 1054 A. Reasons for split or “schism” between east and west 1. authority of Pope not accepted by Byzantine emperor and bishops 2. practices such as celibacy not practiced in east 3. Eastern Emperor Leo banned icons, pope supported icons B. Eastern Church = Greek Orthodox Church 1. Head of church = emperor 2. centered in Constantinople 3. language of church = Greek 4. priests could marry C. Western Church = Roman Catholic Church 1. Head of church = Pope 2. centered in Rome 3. language of church = Latin 4. priests could not marry Byzantine Influence on Russia and Eastern Europe A. trade routes between Black Sea and Baltic Sea = cultural diffusion B. Russia and much of eastern Europe adopts Orthodox Christianity C. Saint Cyril adapts Greek alphabet to Slavic languages = Cyrillic Alphabet D. Cyrillic Alphabet allowed for translation of the Bible.