2. What happens to matter as organisms use nutrients?

3. Matter is Cycled! Molecules are simply rearranged as they are made & broken down.

4. Key Terms for Biogeochemical Cycling 1. Water cycle 2. Carbon cycle 3. Nitrogen cycle 4. Phosphorus cycle 5. Transpiration 6. Assimilation 7. Nitrogen fixation 8. Denitrification 9. Decomposition 10. Eutrophication

6. CYCLE

7. Biogeochemical Cycle Cycles that involve living organisms (bio), geological processes (geo), and chemical processes (chemical).

8. Organisms Cannot Exist Without Matter All living things are made of the same matter as non-living things (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen). Organisms use matter to assemble & break down essential nutrients for life.

9. Without Organisms, Matter Can Only Exist in its Present Form Biological processes transform matter through metabolic reactions.

10. Water Cycle Where is water found? Surface of ponds, lakes, etc. Atmosphere (vapor) Within organisms

11. The water cycle without organisms

12. Water Cycle How does water enter the biotic world? Absorption by plants (roots) Ingestion (drinking, eating)

13. Water Cycle How does water return to the environment from the biotic world? Evaporation (animals sweat) Transpiration (evaporation through plant leaves) Respiration (using energy)

14. The water cycle through plants The Process of Transpiration

15. The water cycle through animals

17. 3 Main Events of The Water Cycle 1.Evaporation - water turning to vapor 2.Condensation - making clouds 3.Precipitation - rain

18. Carbon Cycle Where is carbon? carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the atmosphere Within organic matter (living things)

19. Carbon Cycle How does carbon enters the biotic parts of the world? Photosynthesis Heterotrophy (food chain) Assimilation (organisms take in nutrient for building their tissues)

20. Carbon Cycle How does carbon returns to environment from the biotic world? Respiration (producing CO 2 ) Burning (combustion) Decomposition

22. Nitrogen Cycle Where is nitrogen found? In the air as nitrogen gas (N 2 ) In the ground as nitrates (fertilizers) In organisms

23. Nitrogen Cycle How does nitrogen enter the biotic world? Nitrogen fixation (bacteria convert N 2 to a “fixed” form) Absorption & assimilation Heterotrophy (food chain) http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/facilities/multimedia/uploads/ecology/ncycle.swf

24. Nitrogen Cycle How does nitrogen returns to the environment? Decomposition Denitrification (bacteria) Ammonification (excreted waste)

26. Phosphorus Cycle Where is phosphorus found in the environment? Salts & rock sediment Washed into waterways

27. Phosphorus Cycle How does phosphorus enter the biotic world? Absorption (plants) Heterotrophy (food chain) Assimilation

28. Phosphorus Cycle How does phosphorus returns to the environment from the biotic world? Decomposition (bacteria, fungi)

30. T.O.T.D. 1.How is water used by organisms? What’s it used for? 2.How is carbon used by organisms? What’s it used for? 3.How is nitrogen used by organisms? What’s it used for?