1. Stockman’s Practice Info Feeds

2. Grains EnergyProtein CornBarleyWheatOatsSoybeans Grains are HIGH in Phosphors & LOW in Calcium Flaking, Cracking or Grinding a Grain increases digestibility. Animals gets more energy from the grain

3. Corn Highest ENERGY Grain Lowest Protein Grain (8%) Used to “fatten” animals

4. Barley Similar to Corn 10% Protein Used in place of corn as an ENERGY source. 10% less energy than Corn

5. Wheat 11% Protein Used as an ENERGY source. LOOKS like “little hot dog buns”

6. Oats 11% Protein Used as an ENERGY source. Low Carbohydrate energy source Long golden colored grains

7. Soybeans 40% Protein Used as PROTEIN source High Fat level also adds energy “Raw” beans can only be feed in limited amounts

8. Minerals Macro - required in larger amounts Cannot get enough from diet, must be fed. Calcium = from Limestone Phosphorus =from Dical Bone Growth, Development & Repair Body Functions Sodium & Chlorine =Salt Electrolytes important in cell functions Lost through sweat must be replaced Potassium Magnesium =from minerals Muscle Contractions & Functions

9. Minerals Micro (Trace) - required in smaller amounts Cannot get enough from diet, must be fed. Iron = Zinc = Reproductive functions Immune Functions Red Blood Cells = Iron Copper = Manganese = Selenium = Muscle Functions Metabolic functions

10. Vitamins Fat Soluble - stored in body fat Water Soluble - cannot be stored in body Vita A = Vita E = Eyesight & Eye Health Vita D = Vita C Bone Growth & Repair - made when animal is exposed to sunlight Immune System Functions Fat Soluble Water Soluble B - Vitamins

11. Limestone “Calcium Carbonate” MINERAL –38% Calcium ROCK that is mined Used as a source of CALCIUM Gray uneven shaped particles or gray dust.

12. Dicalcium Phosphate MINERAL –18.5% Calcium –21% Phosphorus ROCK that is mined Used as a source of PHOSPHORUS & CALCIUM Light gray round balls

13. Salt “Sodium Chloride” MINERAL used as an electrolyte in the body. Important for cell functions White crystal structure

14. Trace Mineral Salt White Salt + Minerals –Iron –Zinc –Copper –Manganese Red Color = Iron DO NOT feed to sheep unless no copper added

15. Soybean Meal Crushed & pressed soybeans –oil is removed A PROTEIN source (48%) Light yellow - tan colored meal Used in diets of all animals High in (amino acid) - Lysine

16. Whole Cottonseed “Fuzzy” seeds of the cotton plant High in Protein & Fat Adds ENERGY & PROTEIN to a diet Used mainly in Dairy Feeds, but also some in beef DO NOT FEED to bulls, will cause fertility problems

17. Broiler Litter By-product of the poultry house High in PROTEIN High in COPPER ** DO NOT FEED TO SHEEP **

18. Forages Protein FescueCorn SilageOrchardgrassAlfalfa Forages Should Appear: Green in color (NOT Yellow) Leafy, fine stems (NOT STEMY, NO SEEDHEADS) Free From Dust & Mold

19. Forage Nutrition Nutrient Value VegetativePre-BloomFull Bloom Seed Heads As a forage mature it’s nutrient value to the animal decreases High Quality Low Quality

20. Orchardgrass

21. Corn Silage Chopped Up Corn Plant Put in Silo or Bag to ferment Adds Energy & Fiber to a diet High in Phosphorus Low in Calcium

22. Alfalfa High PROTEIN hay

23. Fescue Has a TOXIN that causes performance problems –reduced weigh gains –elevated body temperature –foaling problems in horses

24. Timothy Finger-like seed head

25. Forages Cool-Season = like to grow in cooler weather Warm-Season = like to grow in warm weather - SUMMER Millet, Sorghum, Switchgrass, Bahiagrass, Bermudagrass, Gamagrassm Johnsongrass Soybeans Orchardgrass, Bluegrass, Ryegrass, Timothy, Fescue Alfalfa, Clover

26. By-Products

27. Soyhulls The outer “shell” of the soybean Used as a FIBER source Good energy value Light tan flakes (may see the black “eye’ from the soybean grain

28. Wheat Bran “Midds” The outer “shell” of the wheat Used as a FIBER source Good energy value Light brown flakes

29. Cottonseed Hulls The outer “shell” of the cottonseed Used as a FIBER source Used as a FILLER - little nutritional value Dirty White & Black pieces Looks “fuzzy”

30. Beet Pulp Ground Up Sugar Beet –by-product of the sugar industry Used as a FIBER source Good energy value Gray pieces

31. Ruminant - an animal with a 4 part stomach Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Deer, etc…. Rumen Reticulum Omasum Abomasum

32. Ruminant Rumen –1st & Largest Compartment –Fermentation Pouch –Rumen “bugs” (bacteria & protozoa) breakdown fiber Reticulum - “Honeycomb” –2nd Compartment –Help rumen with digestion –Collects bad material (like metal)

33. Ruminant Omasum - “Many Plies” –3rd Compartment –Long finger like folds –Has a grinding action Abomasum “True Stomach” –4th & Last Compartment –Digestion like in our stomach

34. Feeding Requirements Young Animal Growing Animal Mature Animal Highest Protein & Energy Lowest Protein & Energy Who has the high nutrient requirements ?

35. Feeding Requirements Open Animal Pregnant Prior to Birth Nursing Highest Protein & Energy Lowest Protein & Energy Who has the high nutrient requirements ?

36. Sheep Feeding Facts Copper - NEVER(toxic for sheep) Sulfur - NEEDED for wool production