1. Chapter 14 Section 3
The Growth
Of Towns

2. Review
Pope Urban called on Europeans to join in a Crusade against who?
the decline in trade in medieval times was caused by the _______ system
Where did most early merchants sold their goods?
Under what system do workers made a part of a product in their homes?
What was the most important purpose of early banks ?

3. The Rights of Townspeople
{European towns and cities grew larger along with the revival of trade in the Middle Ages}
Manor lords still controlled the towns, but some lords granted the towns charter of liberties.
A charter is a written statement of the towns rights. {In time all townspeople, including serfs, throughout Europe gained 4 basic rights:}
Freedom. Anyone living in a town for 1 year and 1 day became free
Exemption. Townspeople won the right to be free from ever having to work the manor again
Town Justice. Towns had their own courts tried by townspeople
Commercial privileges. Townspeople could sell goods freely in the town market and could charge tolls to outsiders

5. Guilds
As towns grew larger and richer, merchants and workers formed guilds
Each town had a merchant guild. It had the sole right to trade there and others had to pay a fee to trade there.
The guilds also helped each other and their families out if anything happened to them
In time skilled workers came together in craft guilds Each guild had members from a single craft
Perhaps most important, the craft guilds controlled the training of skilled workers

7. Continued….
Fist step was an apprentice. Parents would pay a master worker to house, feed, clothe and train their boy. Could take 5-9 years
Next, he became a journeyman- A skilled worker paid to work for a master craftsman
Once he created a masterpiece that was approved by a master, he could open his own shop and become a master himself.
In time guild members, merchants and master workers became the middle class. A class between the nobles and peasants

8. A master painter or a journeyman works on a masterpiece while the apprentice mixes the paint.

9. Medieval Towns Towns offered surfs a chance to change their lives
Some left seeking freedom some were let go due to the change in farming methods
Serfs who stayed on the manors sold their crops in the markets and paid the lord with money instead of servitude
Most cities had little land area so houses were built several stories high
Each story extended a little beyond the one below it. At their tops the houses almost touched over the middle of the street. Darkening the roadway below

11. The Black Death
Many parts of the cities were dark, unsafe, dirty and unhealthy. Waste was dumped into open gutters.
Disease spread quickly through the cities
One such disease started in The Black Death
The plague began in Asia and spread along the trade routes. It entered ports by way of trade ships
Black rats on the ship carried the disease and the plague was spread to people by bites from fleas that were on the rats
{Increased trade in the Middle Ages helped the Black Death spread quickly around the world}

13. Continued…
By some estimates about 1/3 of the entire population of Europe died of the plague
The Black Death caused many changes in Europe
People’s faith in God was shaken and the church lost some of its power
Workers, now in short supply, demanded higher wages, and in several countries peasants staged uprisings

16. Review
What grew larger along with the revival of trade in the Middle Ages
What helped the Black Death spread quickly around the world?
the decline in trade in medieval times was caused by the _______ system
Under what system do workers made a part of a product in their homes?