1. JEWISH TIMELINE

2. Abraham* SaraHagar Ismael* Isaac Rebekah Esau* Jacob RachelLeah *Ten children with Leah and concubines Judah- Descendants include David, and from there Jesus Levi – Descendants include Moses Joseph and Benjamin

3. c.1800 BCE – Abraham moves to Canaan forms a Covenant on behalf of humanity with God. ABRAHAM & THE COVENANT

4. Genesis 15:1 Some time later, the word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision: 'Do not be afraid, Abram! I am your shield and shall give you a very great reward.'

5. Genesis 15:5 Then taking him outside, he said, 'Look up at the sky and count the stars if you can. Just so will your descendants be,' he told him.

8. Genesis 15:10 He brought him all these...

9. Genesis 15:10...and split the animals down the middle, placing each half opposite the other; but the birds he did not divide...

10. Genesis 15:12 Now as the sun was on the point of setting, a trance fell on Abram, and a deep dark dream descended on him.

12. Genesis 17:1-3 When Abram was ninety-nine years old Yahweh appeared to him and said, '...I shall grant a covenant between myself and you, and make you very numerous.' And Abram bowed to the ground.

16. Genesis 21:2-3 Sarah conceived and bore Abraham a son in his old age. Abraham named the son born to him Isaac, the son to whom Sarah had given birth.

19. Genesis 22:3 Abraham rose early in the morning and saddled his donkey. He took two of his men with him, and Isaac his son.

20. Genesis 22:9 They came to the place which God had told him of, and Abraham built the altar there, laying the wood in order.

21. Genesis 22:9 He bound his son Isaac and laid him on the altar, on the wood.

22. Genesis 22:10 Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.

23. Genesis 22:11 But the angel of God called to him out of the sky, and said, 'Abraham, Abraham!'

25. ABRAHAM & THE COVENANT CONTINUED… Hebrews flee due to severe draught in Canaan & settle in Egypt. Hebrews eventually become slaves of the Egyptians

26. Significant Concepts Monotheism First religion in world to worship one God Chosen People Reciprocal agreement Humans Choose to love & honour God God Chooses humanity to be his defenders of creation Promised Land Hebrews will have a land where they can be fruitful and multiply

27. MOSES & THE LAW 1250 BCE – Moses encounters a burning bush, where Yahweh revealed His name to Moses Moses led the EXODUS out of Egypt

28. Exodus 3:1 Moses was looking after the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of Midian. He led it to the far side of the desert and came to Horeb, the mountain of God.

29. Exodus 3:2 The angel of Yahweh appeared to him in a flaming blaze from the middle of a bush.

32. Exodus 3:4 When Yahweh saw him going across to look, God called to him from the middle of the bush. 'Moses, Moses!' he said.

39. Exodus 7:13 Pharaoh, however, remained stubborn and, as Yahweh had foretold, refused to listen to Moses and Aaron.

41. Exodus 7:20-21 And all the water in the River turned to blood. The fish in the River died, and it stank. The Egyptians could no longer drink the water. THE FIRST PLAGUE

42. Exodus 7:22 Pharaoh remained stubborn, as Yahweh had foretold, and refused to listen to Moses and Aaron.

44. Exodus 8:3 The River will swarm with frogs. And they covered the land. The second plague

45. Exodus 9:7 But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.

46. Exodus 8:17 And there were mosquitoes on man and beast. All the dust of the earth turned into mosquitoes throughout the whole of Egypt. The third plague

47. Exodus 9:7 But Pharaoh was obstinate and did not let the people go.

48. Exodus 8:21 'The Egyptians' houses will swarm with beetles.' 'And so will the very ground they stand on.' The fourth plague

49. Exodus 9:7 But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.

50. ‘On all the camels…’‘On all the cattle…’ ‘On all the horses…’ ‘On all the flocks…’ THE FIFTH PLAGUE

51. Exodus 9:7 But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.

52. Exodus 9:10 And on man and beast it brought boils breaking out into sores. THE SIXTH PLAGUE

53. Exodus 9:7 But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.

55. THE SEVENTH PLAGUE Exodus 9:25...and Yahweh thundered and rained down hail. All over Egypt the hail struck down everything in the fields, both man and beast... and broke all the trees in the fields.

56. Exodus 9:7 But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.

57. Exodus 10:13-14 Yahweh sent an east wind which blew all that day and night. By morning the east wind had brought the locusts. No green was left on tree or plant in the fields anywhere in Egypt. THE EIGHTH PLAGUE

58. Exodus 10:20 But Yahweh made Pharaoh stubborn, and he did not let the Israelites go.

60. Exodus 10:22...and for three days, there was thick darkness over the whole of Egypt. No one could see anyone else or move about for three days. THE NINETH PLAGUE

64. Exodus 12:6 'Slaughter it at twilight.' Exodus 12:7 'Some of the blood must then be put on both sides and the top of the doorframe of the houses where it is eaten.'

65. THE TENTH PLAGUE

66. Exodus 12:33 The Egyptians urged the people on and hurried them out of the country because, they said, 'Otherwise we shall all be dead.'

67. Exodus 14:5 When Pharaoh king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, he and his officials changed their attitude towards the people. 'What have we done,' they said, 'allowing Israel to leave our service?'

68. Exodus 14:8-9 Yahweh made Pharaoh stubborn, and he gave chase to the Israelites, and caught up with them.

69. Exodus 14:10 The Israelites were terrified and called out to Yahweh for help.

71. Exodus 14:21 And Yahweh drove back the sea with a strong easterly wind all night, and made the sea into dry land. The waters were divided.

72. Exodus 19:1-2 After leaving Egypt, the Israelites reached the desert of Sinai. There, facing the mountain, Israel pitched camp.

73. Exodus 19:17 Then Moses led the people out of the camp to meet God, and they took their stand at the bottom of the mountain.

74. 2. 3. Exodus 31:18 When he had finished speaking to Moses on Mount Sinai, he gave him the two stone tablets of the Testimony, tablets of stone inscribed by the finger of God.

76. MOSES & THE LAW CONTINUED… 1210 BCE – After 40 years of wandering, Hebrews arrive in Canaan. Moses dies before entering. Think of words you would use to describe God… ¤

77. JUDGES, KINGS & PROPHETS 1050 BCE – Hebrews form Confederation of Tribes under the great Kings; Saul, David & Solomon  David establishes Jerusalem as the capital  Solomon builds the Great Temple at Jerusalem (centre of Jewish faith now) 921 BCE – Solomon dies, line of Kings end  Canaan becomes divided: N = Israel (10 Tribes) S = Judah (2 Tribes)

78. Judges, Kings & Prophets Continued…. 722 BCE – Assyrians conquer Israel, Hebrews exiled 586 BCE – Babylonians conquer Judah, Hebrew exile to Babylon, Great Temple is destroyed!  The era of “portable Judaism” begins with the creation of Synagogues & Rabbis

79. Judges, Kings & Prophets Continued…. 536 – Persians conquer Babylonia. Judeans allowed back to Judah. Hebrews now referred to as “Jews” 515 BCE – The Great Temple is rebuilt.  The first 5 books of scripture (Torah) are complete.

80. Contributions of the Prophets Prophets are those who reminded Jews of their promise (COVENANT) with God. Major contributions of the Prophets:  Second Isaiah proclaims a deity of all time and all people  Hosea proclaims God as loving & compassionate, not jealous or vengeful  A final apocalypse of Good vs. Evil  A Messiah to Come!

81. RABBINIC PERIOD c. 330’s BCE – Alexander the Great conquers most of the world.  Antiochus IV runs Jerusalem. He has a hatred of Jews. Antiochus bans Jewish worship and takes over the Temple.  Age of Hellenism (Greek thought & culture) flourishes. As a result, Hebrew bible is translated into Greek  Sectarian development in Judaism. Groups such as the Sadducees, Pharisees, Zealots, Essenes, etc…formed

82. SECTDESCRIPTIONS Sadduccees* Represented the aristocracy and wealthy people. * Read the TORAH literally Pharisees* Represented the common people * Allowed for broad interpretation of the Torah * Associated with synagogue worship Zealots* Complete following of the Torah * Distain for non-Jews Essenes* Equivalent to Priests Samaritans* Keepers of the Law / Truth

83. Rabbinic Period Continued… 168-165 BCE – Maccabean Rebellion. Maccabees hold out in the Temple and reclaim it. Celebrated in Hanukkah 63 BCE – Rome conquers the region. Establish governors to rule the land on behalf of Rome 70 CE – Rome sacks Jerusalem. The Temple is destroyed for the final time. Focus of worship now changes to Synagogue & Rabbis  Commentaries on the Torah are compiled and called the TALMUD

84. MEDIEVAL & MODERN JUDAISM Diaspora in full effect. Jews now leaving Jerusalem (mainly Europe) 209 -1945 CE – Period of anti-Semitism in Europe 1900 CE – Zionist movement (desire for Jewish homeland) gains strength 1948 – State of Israel born out of Palestine. Instigated the problems which exist to this day.