1. The Black Death

2. In 1347, a ship entered the port of Messina
The Black Death Begins
In 1347, a ship entered the port of Messina
All crew were infected or dead
The disease was spread by fleas that fed off of rats

5. The plague was highly contagious
Signs and Symptoms
The plague was highly contagious
Most common form of the plague was called the Bubonic plague (Flea: mortality%)
Pneumonic (Airborne:90-95% mortality)
Septicemic (Flea: 100% mortality)

7. Fever (101-105 degrees Fahrenheit) Dark spots under the skin
Symptoms
Fever ( degrees Fahrenheit)
Dark spots under the skin
This was blood under the skin
Inflamed lymph nodes
Bumps on neck, abdomen and armpits
Bacteria

9. Efforts to stop the Plague
In Milan, families were walled up in their houses
Venice sent incoming ships to a separate island
Pope Clement VI, living in Avignon would sit between two large fires

10. Unattended crops and animals died Lawlessness
Effects on the Economy
Unattended crops and animals died
Lawlessness
Many workers died, so other skilled laborers demanded better pay

11. At this time there were two popes (France and the Vatican)
Effects on Religion
At this time there were two popes (France and the Vatican)
Some church officials promised cures
Monasteries were hit hard because they would try to help

12. Medieval Cures
The swellings should be softened with figs and cooked onions. The onions should be mixed with yeast and butter. Then open the swellings with a knife.
Take a live frog and put its belly on the plague sore. The frog will swell up and burst. Keep doing this with further frogs until they stop bursting. Some people say that a dried toad will do the job better.
How useful do you think these medieval cures actually were? Did they help at all or were they more harmful?

13. Nursery Rhyme
Ring a-round the rosy Pocket full of posies Ashes, ashes! We all fall down! This was a common nursery rhyme at the time of the Plague

14. Ring around the rosy: a reference to rosary beads used while praying
Ring around the rosy: a reference to rosary beads used while praying. A pocket full of posies: used to stop the odor of rotting bodies which was at one point thought to cause the plague. It was also used widely by doctors to protect them from the infected plague patients. Ashes, ashes: the church burned the dead when burying them became to laborious. We all fall down: dead.

15. Lasting effects of the Plague
Between , 25 million people died in Europe
About 25%-33% of the population
Disease was not totally eradicated until 19th century
The name of the bacteria was Yersinia Pestis

17. United Streaming Video Questions
1. How long did it take the population of Europe to recover? 2. How long did it usually take someone to die? 3. Caffa was a port on what sea? 4. What was the most famous form of penance (showing sorrow for sinning)? 5. Who was blamed for the plague? 6. What fraction of Europe did the video say died? 7. What war was taking place between England and France before, during and after the plague? 8. How did feudalism change due to the plague?

18. Answers
150 years days 3. Black Sea 4. Pilgrimage 5. Jews, accused of poisoning water 6. ½ 7. Hundred Years War 8. Feudalism decreased, some lords paid cash, farming became too risky, rented lands to free men