1. The Crusades

2. Crusades 1096-1272 AD What: military expeditions
Who: sent by different popes
Why: to capture the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks

3. Pope Leader of the Roman Catholic Church.
Pope Urban II – began 1st Crusade
Coat of Arms
Pope Urban II preaches the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.

4. Holy Land

5. Jerusalem: important to…
Jews
Temple Mount
Western Wall – part of King Solomon’s Temple
Muslims
Dome of the Rock
Temple Mount – where the rock is
Christians
Church of the Holy Sepulchre
The gold cost $15 million
The rock Abraham almost sacrificed Isaac on & the place Muhammad ascended into Heaven from
Where Jesus was crucified & buried

6. Muslim Turks
Islam spread far from its birthplace in the modern nation of Saudi Arabia.
By AD 1095, Muslim territory included land where Jesus Christ lived.
Christians in that time believed Christians, not Muslims, should control their holy lands.

7. First Crusade
Led by Duke Godfrey who captured Jerusalem, killing Jews along the way.
The capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders on 15 July The Holy Sepulchre 2. The Dome of the Rock
3. Ramparts – wall around city

8. Why go? Poor had a long bad spell: drought, famine, and sickness
Some thought the crusade was an escape from these hardships.
Also: weird sky signs beginning in meteor shower, northern lights, a lunar eclipse, and a comet – signs from God???
Pope promised some that sins would be wiped out & they would go to heaven

9. Results of Crusades Crusaders did not win back Holy Lands
BUT…survivors brought back new ideas:
New maps
New foods
New medicines
Desire for MORE
Led to travel, trade, and Renaissance… and PLAGUE

10. Results of the Crusades Europeans…
Learned to draw better maps
Learned to build better ships
Saw new products
Contributed to exploration & empire building

11. New Maps
Before the Crusades
After the Crusades

12. New Ships
Before the Crusades
After the Crusades

13. New Products Before the Crusades After the Crusades
Unflavored porridge, whole-grain stews, or unleavened bread, with a little bit of fish and eggs
Clothes made of wool, linen fur, & leather
Clothes made of wool, silk, linen , hemp, cotton, leather, & fur
Spices: Pepper (very expensive!), cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg , ginger, saffron, cardamom, coriander, cumin, turmeric, mace
fruits

14. Travel along the Silk Road
Traders traveled from Europe to the East for silk, spices, and new ideas.
They battled tribes and hardships.
The Italians controlled entry into Europe and grew rich.

15. Spread of the Plague along the Silk Road
Jews were burned alive during the Plague

16. 1347 AD Plague reaches Europe
Caused by a germ that lives in some kinds of rats.
Fleas bite the rats and get sick.
Fleas bite people & people get sick.
Killed 75 million people.