1. CIVL202 Construction Engineering I Tutorial 8 T1Mon11:00 – 11:50 T2Wed09:00 – 09:50

2. Tutorial Outline Developing WBS Cost control Bar chart Scheduling network

3. Developing WBS The definition of WBS is “ the progressive hierarchical break-down of the project into smaller pieces to the lowest practical level to which cost is applied”. The aim of WBS is extremely useful in developing both cost and time (schedule) plans to monitoring and controlling a project. We can think about that Why was Construction Project Management developed?

4. Developing WBS In establishing the WBS, the following guidelines need to be considered: Be clearly separated from other work packages. Each work package must have unique starting and ending dates. Each work package should have its own unique budget. Work packages should be small enough that precise measurement of work progress is possible. Maybe these points can be comprehended in Construction Project completely.

5. Determining Sequence of Work packages Activity is the work elements which appear in the schedule in their expected sequence or logical order. The criteria of arranging the work packages sequence for time control: Location After completing the structure frame of the first floor of a building before beginning the second. This is a physical constraints. Material The building structure isn’t erected until the foundation of a building have reached sufficient strength. This is a physical constraints.

6. Determining Sequence of Work packages Method of construction technology This is a technology constraint. Different technologies have different sequences. Required resources If the Required resources can’t be gotten, the sequence must be changed.

7. Cost Control Related to WBS Procedure of cost control: Develop bid estimate. If bid is accepted, develop contract budget based on major work items. Measure actual cost on project. Compare actual costs with control budget. Take corrective actions ( measurement of reducing cost). If can’t complete the project, could revise contract budget.

8. Cost Control Related to WBS Code of account is a template or guide in defining and cataloging the cost centers within a project. Cost coding system utilize a numerical or alpha-numerical labeling which is a multi-level or hierarchical in nature, just to be consistent with WBS.

9. Cost Control Related to WBS A typical cost type might define: (1) the project designator (2)area of work (3)work discipline( e.g. civil, mechanical, electrical, etc.) (4) the trade specialty required. A cost coding system need to be handled by computer easily.

10. Attention The WBS provides a rigorous way to quantify, define, measure, and control the work packages of a given scope of work. Other plans can be developed based on the WBS. Procurement plan Safety plan Quality plan …..

11. Bar Chart Bar chart : the representation of a project work item/activity as a time scaled bar whose length represents the planned duration of the activity. Length of the bar has two meanings: Its physical length represents the planned duration of the work activity. The bar provides a proportionally scaled baseline to plot at successive intervals the correct percentage complete. By using different shading patters, bar chart can indicate monthly progress toward physical completion of work activities.

12. Bar Chart A bar-net is a updated bar chart. MS-Project-XP; P3; and so on can draw the bar-net.

13. Scheduling Network In order to develop a schedule, the logical sequences that relates various activity to on another must be developed. Logical modeling rationales: Adjacency of contact modeling Physical structure order modeling Physical construction order modeling

14. Scheduling Network A scheduling network of nodes and links The node may represent events in time or an activity depending on the notation. A, Node to present and event A 10 B, Node to represent an activity Activity name The duration time

15. Scheduling Network Activity on node means that a network of activities is shown in which nodes represent the activities and arrows represent the sequences or relationship of the activity to one another. Activity on Arrow means that a network of activities is shown in which nodes represent events in time and arrows represent activities.

16. Scheduling Network Dummy Activity 1,Maintain logic sequence 2,Maintain specific activity 3,Zero duration.