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Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age Farming Revolution
Permanent settlements Division of labor Specialization of labor Technology Trade Cities
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Steps to Civilization
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Permanent settlements Specialization of labor
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery Specialization of labor artisan skills in specialized crafts non-farmers Technology developed by artisans advancements to improve the efficiency of every day life closely guarded secrets Trade need for unavailable resources desire to have products you did not have families, villages, regions barter one product exchanged for another Cities develop from growing villages zone development: religion, trade, farming, etc. required great organization opportunities problems Disadvantages: Crime, overcrowding, disease, war, shortages Advantages: Security, diversity of services, technology, wealth, culture
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Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers
clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate
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Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers
clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate
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Steps to Civilization Farming Revolution
domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced
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Steps to Civilization Plant Domestication: Plant: Growing a plant
Causing it to change genetically from wild ancestor Goal: make it more useful to humans
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Steps to Civilization Plant Domestication: Plant Domestication Stages:
Ancestor plant advantages (wheat, barley, peas): could be eaten, high yields, easily grown, grow quickly, easily stored, self pollinating, few genetic changes
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Steps to Civilization Plant Domestication: Plant Domestication Stages:
First fruit and nut trees (olives, figs, dates, pomegranates, grapes): non nomadic life style, planted as cutting or seed, 3 year food yield cycle
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Steps to Civilization Plant Domestication: Plant Domestication Stages:
Complex fruit and nut trees (apples, pears, plums, cherries): grafting, cross-pollination, experimentation
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Steps to Civilization Animal Domestication: Animal:
selectively bred in captivity modified from its wild ancestors, for use by humans who control the animal’s breeding and food supply
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13 are from Eurasia and 1 (llama/alpaca) from the Americas
Steps to Civilization Animal Domestication Ancient Species of Big Herbivorous Domestic Mammals: Sheep Goat Cow Pig Horse Arabian camel Bactrian camel Llama/alpaca Donkey Reindeer Water buffalo Yak Bali cattle Mithan 13 are from Eurasia and 1 (llama/alpaca) from the Americas
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Steps to Civilization Animal Domestication
Ancient Species of Big Herbivorous Domestic Mammals: Arabian camel Bactrian camel Llama/alpaca Donkey Reindeer
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Steps to Civilization Animal Domestication
Ancient Species of Big Herbivorous Domestic Mammals: Water buffalo Yak Bali cattle Mithan 13 are from Eurasia and 1 (llama/alpaca) from the Americas
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Steps to Civilization Animal Domestication
Big mammal domestication characteristics: Diet- 10% biomass coefficient Growth rate Problems of captive breeding Nasty disposition Tendency to panic Social structure
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Germs Steps to Civilization Animal Domestication
Benefits of big mammal domestication: Meat Milk products Fertilizer Land transportation Leather Military assault vehicles Plow traction Wool Germs
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Steps to Civilization
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Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers
clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced
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Steps to Civilization Permanent settlements farming villages: 250
village life private property warfare
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Permanent settlements
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare
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Steps to Civilization Division of labor over production of food
need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery
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Permanent settlements
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery
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Steps to Civilization Specialization of labor artisan
skills in specialized crafts non-farmers
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Permanent settlements Specialization of labor
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery Specialization of labor artisan skills in specialized crafts non-farmers
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Steps to Civilization Technology developed by artisans
advancements to improve the efficiency of every day life closely guarded secrets
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Permanent settlements Specialization of labor
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery Specialization of labor artisan skills in specialized crafts non-farmers Technology developed by artisans advancements to improve the efficiency of every day life closely guarded secrets
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Steps to Civilization Trade need for unavailable resources
desire to have products you did not have families, villages, regions barter one product exchanged for another product
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Permanent settlements Specialization of labor
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery Specialization of labor artisan skills in specialized crafts non-farmers Technology developed by artisans advancements to improve the efficiency of every day life closely guarded secrets Trade need for unavailable resources desire to have products you did not have families, villages, regions barter one product exchanged for another
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Steps to Civilization Cities develop from growing farming villages
zone development: religion, trade, farming, etc. required great organization opportunities problems
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Permanent settlements Specialization of labor
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery Specialization of labor artisan skills in specialized crafts non-farmers Technology developed by artisans advancements to improve the efficiency of every day life closely guarded secrets Trade need for unavailable resources desire to have products you did not have families, villages, regions barter one product exchanged for another Cities develop from growing villages zone development: religion, trade, farming, etc. required great organization opportunities problems Disadvantages: Crime, overcrowding, disease, war, shortages Advantages: Security, diversity of services, technology, wealth, culture
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Steps to Civilization Disadvantages:
crime, overcrowding, disease, war, shortages Advantages: security, diversity of services, technology, wealth, culture
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Permanent settlements Specialization of labor
Steps to Civilization Paleolithic Age nomadic hunters and gatherers clan groups: 15-20 clan leader moving with herds of game low birth rate Farming Revolution domestication of animals and plants in Near East food surplus increase in population diets more balanced Permanent settlements farming villages: 250 village life private property warfare Division of labor over production of food need for part-time non-farming tasks: clothing, tool and weapon making, weaving, baskets, pottery Specialization of labor artisan skills in specialized crafts non-farmers Technology developed by artisans advancements to improve the efficiency of every day life closely guarded secrets Trade need for unavailable resources desire to have products you did not have families, villages, regions barter one product exchanged for another Cities develop from growing villages zone development: religion, trade, farming, etc. required great organization opportunities problems Disadvantages: Crime, overcrowding, disease, war, shortages Advantages: Security, diversity of services, technology, wealth, culture
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