1. ILINOVA SUMMER SCHOOL Proposal writing on conservation of Indigenous Livestock Monday 22 nd and Tuesday 23 rd, September 2014

2. Proposal Development Theoretical background information on value chain and conservation of Indigenous livestock Features of three types of proposals – Applied or action research ( working with communities or governments to conserve/improve a local breed) – Development projects ( improving livelihoods through the use of local breeds) – Basic research (creating more knowledge on a specific breed about performance, resistance, genetic characterization, nutrition) Group work on selected proposal types Plenary discussions Action plans

3. People; personal experience, attitudes, Organizations, Groups, Communities Problems ; Issues, Situations, Associations Programs ; Interventions, Contents, structure, outcomes Phenomenon ; Cause and effect relationships, study of a phenomenon Research issues revolves around FOUR ‘P’s;

4. Build Relationship Problem tree Objective tree Results based framework Logical framework Monitoring and Evaluation Systematic and logical analysis of the problem and designing interventions

5. Goal, purpose, title Outcomes, outputs, Activities Indicators Means of verification Assumptions Sustainability Formulate Project

6. 6 Problem Tree CAUSE EFFECT

7. 7 The relationship between the problem tree and the objective tree PROBLEM TREE OBJECTIVE TREE Focal problem Project Purpose EffectsOverall Objectives Causes Results Output OutcomeImpact 1 st level Immediate short term 2 nd level Inter mediate medium-term 3 rd level Ultimate long-terms

8. Underlying causes Causes Effects Impacts Goal/ overall objective Core issue /problem Purpose Outputs Activities Problem tree / objective Logical framework Results based framework

9. 9 Objectives Tree Ends Means *

10. InputActivityOutput OutcomeImpact 1 st level Immediate short term 2 nd level Inter mediate medium-term 3 rd level Ultimate long-terms Resources /Process Results Monitoring : resource use, processes, partnership and outputs Evaluate: Outcomes, impacts Outputs, outcomes and Impacts

11. Learning, knowledge gained Behaviour, actions taken with gained knowledge Conditions changed resulting from the action Results

12. Continuous follow-up of activities and results in relation to pre-set targets and objectives Follow up of progress at 4 levels What is M&E?

13. Features of Proposals Generic response problem or research issue Core problem Cause of the problem Effect of the problem Impact of the problem Target issue for intervention Results areas Development projects Applied research Explaining the problem Basic research interests

14. Features of Proposals Camel calf losses in pastoral systems High cases of gastrointestinal diseases Unhygienic maternity environment Low immunity at birth Ineffective ethno veterinay treatment High mortality cases Poor body condition Loss of livestock assets Target issue for intervention Results areas Development projects Applied research Explaining the problem Basic research interests

15. Features of Proposals Camel calf losses in pastoral systems low cases of gastrointestinal diseases Improved hygiene in maternity environment High immunity at birth Effective veterinay treatment High calf survival Improved body condition Secured livestock assets Target issue for intervention Results areas Development projects Applied research Explaining the problem Basic research interests

17. Core change Smallholders gain from market opportunities More income Safer food Improved market access Nutritional security Food security WealthyHealthy Improved productivity More value addition Reduced spoilage and wastage Safer and quality food Better access to inputs Appropriate scale and technologies Better market information Functional markets and pricing Effective food safety and quality assessment Inputs and service Production Processing Marketing and consumption Causes removed outcomes

18. Group-work analyzing and defining a problem (20 minutes) Exercise for group work to analyze conservation issues described in the ILINOVA project visibility brief Identify the core problem, its effects and impacts, and possible underlying causes of the problem Present problem tree and an objective tree of the case Assign the described activities to their corresponding components in the objective tree The output will be interactively shared with all participants in the plenary session

19. Target proposal development Group work Brain storm on issues of concern in conservation of indigenous livestock with a view to settling on an project idea to be translated into a concept proposal Follow the logical and systematic approach of Problem analysis tree Objective tree logframe

21. Potential projects in Indigenous livestock conservation 1.Characterization Inventory Geographic distribution Phenotypic and genotypic mapping 2. Conservation and sustainable use Protection to reduce loss Conserve diversity In situ and ex situ conservation of diversity Adding value to diversity 3. Policy and institutions Trade 4. Capacity building project