1. The American Nation Chapter 7-Section 2 The Constitutional Convention Creating a Republic 1776–1790 Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

2. Chapter 7, Section 2 The Constitutional Convention Objectives to learn: Who were the leading delegates to the Constitutional Convention? What were the main differences between the two rival plans for the new Constitution? What compromises did the delegates have to reach before the Constitution could be signed?

3. Chapter 7, Section 2 I. Leading Delegates to the Convention Revolutionary Leaders: Benjamin Franklin oldest delegate signed Declaration of Independence George Washington president of convention A. When the Constitutional Convention met on May 25, 1787, to consider a new system of government, every state except Rhode Island sent representatives. There were a total of 55 delegates. New Generation: Alexander Hamilton wanted strong central government James Madison ideas on democratic government influenced others “Father of the Constitution”

4. The Constitution Convention of 1787 (1:00)

5. Great Men of the Constitution Convention (3:46)

6. Chapter 7, Section 2 II. Rival Plans for the New Constitution Virginia Plan Purposed by Edmund Randolph and James Madison of Virginia New Jersey Plan Purposed by Wiliam Paterson of New Jersey Supported by large statesSupported by small states Strong national government with three branches. Supported by small states legislative branch—passes laws executive branch—carries out laws judicial branch—courts would decide if laws were carried out fairly Legislative branch—two houses Seats awarded on basis of population. Larger states would have more representatives than smaller states. Legislative branch—one house Each state gets one vote. Small states and big states would have equal representation.

7. James Madison and Edmund Randolph- Supporters of the Virginia Plan

8. William Paterson – Supporter of the New Jersey Plan

9. Chapter 7, Section 2 III. The Delegates Compromised A. Compromise—a settlement in which each side gives up some demands in order to reach an agreement. B. Great Compromise 1.Large states wanted two houses of Congress with a state’s representatives decided according to the state’s population. 2.Small states wanted Congress to have one house and each state to have two senators. 3.The compromise— a two-house legislature – bicameral 4.Members of the lower house— the House of Representatives — would be elected by popular vote. Seats would be awarded according to population. 5.Members of the upper house— the Senate —would be chosen by state legislatures. Each state would have two senators.

10. Roger Sherman – Author of the Great Compromise

11. Chapter 7, Section 2 The Delegates Compromised between the North and the South on the issue of Slavery A. Three-Fifths Compromise 1.Southerners wanted to include slaves in the population count to determine seats in the House, even though they could not vote. 2.Northerners objected. Since slaves could not vote, they should not be counted. 3.The compromise - Three fifths of the slaves in any state would be counted. B. The Slave Trade 1.Northerners wanted to ban the slave trade. 2.Southerners said a ban on the slave trade would ruin their economy. 3.The compromise - Congress would not outlaw the slave trade for at least 20 years. After that, Congress could regulate the slave trade. Meanwhile, no state could stop a fugitive slave from being returned.

12. Signing the Constitution A.Signed on September 17, 1787 B.Edmund Randolph, George Mason, and Elbridge Gerry refused to sign the Constitution C.Each state had to have a convention to ratify the Constitution D.The Constitution needed 9 states to ratify for it to go in to effect

13. Delegates who refused to sign the Constitution- Randolph, Mason, and Gerry

14. Composing the Constitution (3:35)

15. Chapter 7, Section 2 Section 2 Assessment In the Great Compromise the delegates decided Congress would have a) two houses, one where each state had two senators and one with seats awarded according to state populations. b) one house, in which each state had one vote. c) two houses, both with seats awarded according to state populations. d) one house, in which seats are awarded according to state populations. What did the Constitutional Convention decide to do about the slave trade in the United States? a) ban the slave trade in the entire nation b) do nothing c) allow each state to decide forever for itself d) say Congress could not outlaw the slave trade for 20 years, then could reconsider Want to connect to the American Nation link for this section? Click here.Click here.

16. Chapter 7, Section 2 Section 2 Assessment In the Great Compromise the delegates decided Congress would have a) two houses, one where each state had two senators and one with seats awarded according to state populations. b) one house, in which each state had one vote. c) two houses, both with seats awarded according to state populations. d) one house, in which seats are awarded according to state populations. What did the Constitutional Convention decide to do about the slave trade in the United States? a) ban the slave trade in the entire nation b) do nothing c) allow each state to decide forever for itself d) say Congress could not outlaw the slave trade for 20 years, then could reconsider Want to connect to the American Nation link for this section? Click here.Click here.