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{ Religious Changes Because Change is Good…right? 1.

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Presentation on theme: "{ Religious Changes Because Change is Good…right? 1."— Presentation transcript:

1 { Religious Changes Because Change is Good…right? 1

2  What effect did the Protestant Reformation have on Europe? Essential Question 2

3  Humanists criticized Church for some things it did:  Lost sight of spiritual mission  Only interested in making money  Pope not setting moral standard  Urged unhappy Catholics to leave the Church Reformation 3

4  Began in Germany  Catholic Church sends monk to Germany to raise money to build St. Peter’s Basilica.  Humanists outraged at misuse of indulgences.  Effects:  Forever shattered unity of Catholic Church  100 years of war between Catholics & Protestants Reformation 4

5  Belief that each person is special, & people should strive to be the best person they can be.  Idea went hand in hand with Renaissance. People began learning & trying new things.  Inspired many to study the arts & humanities; led to many significant achievements. Individualism 5

6  Shift in interest from afterlife to life here on earth.  Essentially what the Renaissance was all about. Began focusing on cause & effect.  Interest in natural universe grew; advances made in biology, physics, & arts. Secularism 6

7  Launched Protestant Reformation by posting 95 Theses.  Criticized sale of indulgences  Challenged authority of Pope  Believed Pope & priests lacked authority to allow people into Heaven; Only possible through faith in God. Martin Luther 7

8  Excommunicated due to 95 Theses; Eventually labeled an outlaw & banned.  Translated New Testament into German so people could read it for themselves.  Protestantism spread through Germany, and eventually most of Europe. Martin Luther 8

9  Started new branch of Protestantism called Calvinism, followers called Calvinists.  Published The Institutes of the Christian Religion  Told what Christians should believe on every major religious question.  United & strengthened Calvinists against opposition & persecution. John Calvin 9

10  Since God was all-knowing, it was predestined (already decided by God) who would be saved.  Those chosen by God called “The Elect.” Held to highest moral standards & practiced extreme self-discipline.  Geneva became a Theocracy – Government ruled by religious leaders. John Calvin 10

11  Many from France converted & became known as Huguenots.  1562 – Began defending themselves in series of civil wars started by French Catholic Monarchs.  King Henry IV issued Edict of Nantes in 1598  Allowed religious freedom  Gave some political rights John Calvin 11

12  What effect did the Protestant Reformation have on Europe? Essential Question 12

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