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Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Chapter 18 Classification.

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Presentation on theme: "Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Chapter 18 Classification."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Chapter 18 Classification

3 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Chapter 18 Section 1 Finding Order in Diversity Objectives Explain how living things are organized for study Describe binomial nomenclature Explain Linnaeus’s system of classification

4 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Why Classify Biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner  Taxonomy The branch of biology that classifies and assigns organisms a universally accepted name

5 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Early Efforts at Naming Organisms early scientific names described in details  names were too long common names - used by local people  was too confusing  too many names mountain lion, puma, cougar, panther, Indian cat

6 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Binomial Nomenclature Caroleus Linnaeus  Swedish botanist  proposed new system Binomial Nomenclature  each species assigned a two part scientific name genus – a Latin noun identifying organism species – a Latin adjective describing the “type”

7 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Linnaeus’s System of Classification Taxon  a group or level of organization Linnaeus’s system uses SEVEN (7) taxonomic levels  kingdom  phylum  class  order  genus  species

8 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Modern Taxonomy Phylogeny – __________ history of the species Phylogeny – __________ history of the species  StructuralInformation  Structural Information  BiochemicalInformation  Biochemical Information  Cytological Information  Embryological Information  Behavioral Information Slide 7 Updated February 1, 2004

9 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Kingdom Characteristics Characteristics used for grouping Cell Type – Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic Body Form – unicellular or multicellular Cell Wall - composition Nutrition - autotroph or heterotroph Nervous System - yes or no Locomotion – yes or no Slide 8 Updated February 1, 2004

10 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Animal Kingdom eukaryotic cells – eukaryotic body form multicellular body form – multicellular none cell wall – none heterotrophic nutrition – heterotrophic  ingestion yes nervous system – yes yes locomotion - yes Slide 9 Updated February 1, 2004

11 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Plant Kingdom cells – eukaryotic body form – multicellular cell wall – cellulose nutrition – autotrophic  photosynthesis nervous system – no locomotion - non motile Slide 10 Updated February 1, 2004

12 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Fungi Kingdom cells – eukaryotic body form – most multicellular cell wall – chitin nutrition – heterotrophic  saprophytic (absorbs) nervous system – no locomotion - non motile Slide 11

13 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Protist Kingdom eukaryotic cells – eukaryotic body form unicellular body form – unicellular cellulose, silica, varies cell wall – cellulose, silica, varies autotrophic & heterotrophic nutrition – autotrophic & heterotrophic no nervous system – no cilia, flagella, pseudopods, spores locomotion – cilia, flagella, pseudopods, spores Slide 12 Updated February 1, 2004

14 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Eubacteria Kingdom prokaryotic cells – prokaryotic body form unicellular body form – unicellular peptidoglycan cell wall – peptidoglycan autotrophic & heterotrophic nutrition – autotrophic & heterotrophic no nervous system – no varies locomotion - varies Slide 13 Updated February 1, 2004

15 Created by C. Ippolito May 2006 Archaebacteria Kingdom prokaryotic cells – prokaryotic body form unicellular body form – unicellular peptidoglycan cell wall – lack peptidoglycan autotrophic & heterotrophic nutrition – autotrophic & heterotrophic no nervous system – no varies locomotion - varies Slide 14 Updated February 1, 2004


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