1. Why does Time pass more slowly for observers traveling at high speeds or near a massive body.

2. PASS Content Standard 2.1 Objects change their motion only when a net force is applied. Laws of motion are used to determine the effects of forces on the motion of objects.

5. Motion - 12 min

9. Earth rotates on its axis at 1,100 mph Earth orbits the Sun at 68,000 mph

10. The whole galaxy rotates at 490,000 mph

13. Two Dimensional World

15. Speed - 4 min

16. Speed= distance time

17. Speed= distance time A snail crawls 10 feet in 5 minutes. What is the speed of the snail? = 10 feet 5 minutes =2 feet/min

19. Average speed= total distance total time

20. Average speed= total distance total time A boy runs 1 mile in 6 minutes, rests for 2 minutes, then walks 1 mile in 12 minutes. What is his average speed? = 1 mile + 1 mile 20 minutes = 2 miles 20 minutes

22. Distance (meters) Time (seconds)

24. is a vector quantity because it has both speed and direction.

25. Vectors - 12 min

26. All these planes have the same speed. How is their velocity different?

27. The length of the line represents the quantity (speed) and the arrow indicates the direction. Add vectors head to tail.

28. Direction is indicated by compass degrees

29. The magnitude of the speed is indicated by the measured length (scale) of the line.

31. 0o0o 90 o 180 o 270 o An airplane is flying 200 mph at 50 o. Wind velocity is 50 mph at 270 o. What is the velocity of the plane?

32. 0o0o 90 o 180 o 270 o

33. 0o0o 90 o 180 o 270 o

34. 0o0o 90 o 180 o 270 o

35. 0o0o 90 o 180 o 270 o

36. 0o0o 90 o 180 o 270 o

40. Acceleration = Velocity (final) - Velocity (original) time

41. Acceleration = Velocity (final) - Velocity (original) time A car traveling at 60 mph accelerates to 90 mph in 3 seconds. What is the car’s acceleration? = 90 mph - 60 mph 3 seconds = 30 mph 3 seconds = 10 mph/second

43. Acceleration = Velocity (final) - Velocity (original) time A car traveling at 60 mph slams on the breaks to avoid hitting a deer. The car comes to a safe stop 6 seconds after applying the breaks. What is the car’s acceleration? = 0 mph - 60 mph 6 seconds = - 60 mph 6 seconds = - 10 miles per hour per second

46. Acceleration toward the center of a circular path.

47. For an object to travel in a curved path, some force must be accelerating it toward the center of the circle.

49. Force provided by engine Acceleration provided by tires

50. What happens if the accelerating force is removed?

51. An apparent force that appears only in rotating frames of reference.

52. This “false” force appears to push away from the center of the circular path.

54. Aristotle and Newton had different ideas about forces and motion. Aristotle's idea: For an object to move at a constant speed, a constant force must be applied. Newton's idea: An object moving at a constant speed will continue at that speed without additional force being applied.

56. Forces & motion - 6 min

57. Produce NO Motion

58. Produce Motion

60. Sliding - two solid surfaces rubbing against each other. Rolling - an object rolling over a surface. Fluid - an object moving through a fluid.

62. Newton’s Laws - 5 min

63. An object at rest will remain at rest, and a moving object will remain at a constant velocity unless acted on by unbalanced forces.

64. Force = mass X acceleration F = Ma

65. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

66. Rockets - 6 min

69. Momentum - 8 min

70. Does a long pendulum swing faster than a short one?

71. Does a heavy pendulum swing faster than a light one?

73. The total momentum of any group of objects remains the same unless acted on by outside forces.

74. Elastic - occur when both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved. Inelastic - occur when momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not.

75. M 1 V 1 = M 2 V 2 Before After

76. Colliding objects have same mass Elastic Collision

77. Heavy object strikes light object Elastic Collision

78. Light object strikes heavy object Elastic Collision

79. Inelastic Collision Colliding objects have same mass

82. Rollercoasters - 24 min

85. Units of Force are Newtons Units of Distance are Meters Newton Meters = Joules

86. Units of Work are Joules Joules per second = Watts Power is the rate at which work is done.

87. Work & Power - 15 min

88. power - 2 min

89. 1 Horsepower is equal to 745.56 Watts or 550 ft lb/sec

94. Climbing cars - 24 min

96. The effort force is applied to a machine.

97. The resistance force is applied by a machine.

98. The number of times a machine multiplies the effort force.

99. Work output Work input X 100

101. Da Vinci - 8 min

105. Work is made easier because the effort force moves over a greater distance.

106. Inclined Plane - 2 min

107. Force is multiplied since it is applied to a wide area and exerted over a small area.

108. Wedge - 2 min

109. Multiplies an effort force by acting through a long effort distance.

110. Screw - 1 min

111. A bar which can move freely around a fixed position, or fulcrum.

112. Levers - 3 min

113. The Fulcrum is between the Effort Force and the Resistance force

114. Multiplies Effort Force and changes its direction

115. The Resistance is between the Effort Force and the Fulcrum

116. Multiplies the Effort Force but does not change its direction

117. The Effort force is between the Resistance Force and the Fulcrum

118. Does not multiply the Effort Force

120. Direction of the Effort Force is changed. Mechanical Advantage = 0

121. Direction of the Effort Force is not changed. Mechanical Advantage = 1

122. Direction of the Effort Force is changed. Mechanical Advantage is equal to the number of supporting ropes.

123. Pulleys - 1 min

124. A fixed pulley does not have a mechanical advantage. Fixed pulleys only change the direction of the force.

125. A movable pulley does have a mechanical advantage. The effort force is in the direction of the movement of the resistance.

126. Two wheels of different sizes connected - the axle being the smaller wheel.

127. Wheel & Axle - 1 min

128. Worm Gear

131. Compound Machines - 4 min