2. Jan 2014 # 59-61 Double bond represents 4 shared electrons. The hydrogen combined with the ethene to produce only one product (ethane).

3. Jan 2014 # 64-65 Glucose and fructose both have the formula C 6 H 12 O 6 “-OH”

4. Jan 2014 # 71-75 C-O has a 0.8 electronegativity difference, whereas the C-H is 0.4, thus C-O is a more polar covalent bond. Hydrogen bonding (dipole attraction) The “O” in 2-propanol is slightly negative where the “H” is slightly positive.

5. Jun 2013 # 63-65 Alkane C3H7C3H7C3H7C3H7 Due to symmetry, the second isomer is more of a nonpolar molecule thus is has a weaker intermolecular forces of attraction.

6. Jan 2013 # 59-61 1-butene has a double bond, thus it is considered to be unsaturated. C 2 H 4 Br

7. Jan 2013 # 83-85 fermentation “-OH”

8. Jun 2012 # 79-81 saponification ester covalent and ionic

9. Jan 2012 # 58-59 Hydrocarbons with double or triple bonds are considered unsaturated. Both have the same number of atom (C 5 H 8 ), however they have different structures.

10. Jan 2011 # 69-70 Fractional distillation Methane (easiest to boil), ethane, propane, butane (most difficult to boil)

11. Jun 2011 # 64-65 Addition, halogenation or bromation Alkene (note: hydrocarbon refers to a molecule with only hydrogen and carbon)

12. Jan 2011 # 78-80 C 3 H 6 has a double bond in it, thus it is unsaturated. propene The product is an alcohol

13. Aug 2010 # 67-69 Rating of 92 -OH

14. Jun 2010 # 57-58 “N” or “COOH”

15. Jan 2010 # 58-60 alkane Organic that contain single bonds between the carbons are considered saturated.

16. Aug 2009 # 68-71 methanol There is only one structure for a molecule with 1C, 4H and an O. ester combustion

17. Aug 2009 # 59-62 Covalent sharing 2 electrons. The more electrons in the bond, the more energy needed to break the bond Due to bonding and symmetry, the nitrogen side of hydrogen cyanide is slightly negative, whereas, the hydrogen side is more positive.

18. June 2003 # 55-56 or

19. Jan 2004 # 68-70 esterification alcohol or

20. Aug 2007 # 64-66 “-COOH” ethanoic acid (aka acetic acid)

21. Jan 2008 # 66-67 alcohol The “OH” functional groups are very much like the polar regions of water, thus the alcohol will form hydrogen bonds with water.

22. Jun 2006 # 61-62 substitution, halogenation or chlorination or

23. Jun 2008 # 59-61 halocarbon Saturated molecule will have single bonds between all carbon atoms. 2-iodo-2-methylpropane is more polar, thus will tend to form hydrogen bonds (the greater attraction will cause in increase in boiling point).

24. Aug 2008 # 60-62 esterification C 6 H 12 O 2

25. Jan 2009 # 80-81 a) Butanoic acid has four carbons, whereas ethanol has only 2 carbons. b) Butanoic acid has a “-COOH” functional group, whereas, ethanol has an “-OH” functional group functional group esterification