1. Inbound and Outbound Information and Communication Flows: Perspectives from Community Multimedia Centres in Mozambique. Sara Vannini, Isabella Rega NewMinE Lab – New Media in Education Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

2. RE-ACT

3. Social RE presentations of Community Multimedia Centres in Mozambique and ACT ions for improvement RE-ACT

4. UNESCO, 2000

5. …fostering equitable access to information and knowledge for development, reduce the digital divide, promote social inclusion, public participation, education, agriculture, health, etc..

6. Community Multimedia Centres in Mozambique (2011)

7. Local Perspectives on Information and Communication?

8. Social Representations Moscovici, 1976

9. Social Representations Moscovici, 1976 systems of values, ideas and practices, that are shared among a given group

10. 2 functions of SR Moscovici, 1976 to establish how people interpret their world to enable people to communicate with the other members of the community

11. Semiotic triangle of Social Representations object subjectgroup Bauer & Gaskell, 1999

12. Information and Communication Jakobson, 1960

13. (de)Codification of linguistic signs Saussure, 1916

14. 57 staff members 93 CMC whole users 72 radio-only users 8 non-users 110+ hours Semi-structured interviews

15. ValuesIdeasPracticesPeople Benefits of the CMC; Benefits of ICTs; Motivation to work in CMC; Motivation to use CMC; Reasons not to use CMC. Definitions of CMC, Community Radio, Telecentre, computer, Internet ; Improvements needed in/ challenges for the CMC; Local denomination of CMC; Services of the Community Radio; Services of the Telecentre; Services working properly. Community involvement/ support in the CMC; Promotion of CMC; Synergies the CMC is able to create; Usages of the Community Radio; Usages of the Telecentre. Interviewee media exposure; Staff Training. CMC interpretative model

16. ValuesIdeasPracticesPeople Benefits of the CMC; Benefits of ICTs; Motivation to work in CMC; Motivation to use CMC; Reasons not to use CMC. Definitions of CMC, Community Radio, Telecentre, computer, Internet ; Improvements needed in/ challenges for the CMC; Local denomination of CMC; Services of the Community Radio; Services of the Telecentre; Services working properly. Community involvement/ support in the CMC; Promotion of CMC; Synergies the CMC is able to create; Usages of the Community Radio; Usages of the Telecentre. Interviewee media exposure; Staff Training. CMC interpretative model

17. In-bound Out-bound Shared within the community

18. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

19. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

20. news

21. “…the people here need to know what is happening. They need to get information about other part of the world…” Chitima, Non-user3 news

22. local

23. “everyone pays attention because they have programs in Portuguese and programs in the Emakwa language, it is for that that the communities listen” Chiure, User1 local

24. e-government

25. “I think the radio created this space to let people stay close to the Government, and to let them know that not everything that is happening is against the population and when the Government does something, they know that the Radio is going to broadcast it” Chiure, User3 e-government

26. economic development

27. “most of all for the agriculture, it is one of the mass communication mean to tell when is the appropriate sowing time, when is the appropriate time for the harvest,what the peasant has to prepare for the land to be productive” Cuamba, Non-user2 economic development

28. Informal learning

29. children rights programs for young people about talents and debates programs for women (rights) Informal learning

30. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

31. “before having the radio when someone died you had to send someone to notice it to the family, but now if someone dies, you can just transmit an announcement through the radio” Chitima, Staff1 “ it is important because without the radio there is no communication with the people of the community that live more distant” Cuamba, User8

32. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

33. Geographically restricted

34. “before the radio was here it was an extinguished world, you did not know whether we existed” Chiure, User8 “there in Nampula they are listening that someone died in the island so it is very important to have the radio” Ilha de Moçambique, User2 Geographically restricted

35. Community Radio I&C Enabler for All

36. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

37. “…in the computer there is a lot of information we can get” Cuamba, Non-user1

38. “because people go there, in the Internet, and look for information, and inform the community, and the community is fulfilled in listening to the things that who went to use the Internet found” Cuamba, Non-User4

39. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

40. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

41. “…we want to talk to you, we want to talk to people and have friends abroad…” Chiure, User3

42. Telecentre I&C for élites?

43. In- bound Shared Out- bound Tot Radio45.1%36.6%5.5%87.2% Communication0.0%20.9%3.0%23.8% Information45.1%15.7%2.6%63.4% Telecentre6.8%0.4% 7.7% Communication0.0%0.4% 0.9% Information6.8%0.0% 6.8% ICTs3.8%0.0%1.3%5.1% Communication0.0% 1.3% Information3.8%0.0% 3.8% TOT %55.7%37.0%7.2%100.0% TOT count1318717235 Results

44. Thank you! sara.vannini@usi.ch www.react-project.ch www.newmine.org