1. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chapter 1 Veterinary Medical Terminology and Abbreviations

2. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Word Parts PREFIX- the word part at the beginning of a term SUFFIX- the word part at the end of a term ROOT- the word part that gives the term its meaning COMBINING VOWEL- root word and vowel that allow certain terms to be pronounced with ease (vowel is commonly “o”)

3. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Root Words CARDI/O- heart UTER/O- uterus HYSTER/O- uterus ENTER/O- intestines REN/O- kidney NEPHR/O- kidneys HEPAT/O- liver OVARI/O- ovary LAPAR/O- abdomen CHEM/O- chemical ARTHR/O- joint

4. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Root Words CUTANE/O- skin HEM/O- blood NAS/O- nose RHIN/O- nose COL/O- colon; intestine GASTR/O- stomach MAST/O- mammary gland RECT/O- rectum URIN/O- urine CYST/O- urinary bladder RADI/O- radiation ELECTR/O- electricity OSTE/O- bone DENT/O- teeth

5. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Prefixes PRE- before PERI- around POST- after A- or AN- without; no AB- away from AD- towards ANTI- against SUB- below SUPER- above DYS- difficult; painful

6. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Prefixes HYPO- below normal; decreased HYPER- above normal; excessive ENDO- within; inside ECTO- outside EXO- outside POLY- many OLIGO- very little INTER- between INTRA- within

7. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Suffixes -OSIS: condition -EMIA: blood -ECTOMY: surgical removal of -STOMY: creating a new surgical opening -PEXY: to suture to -PLASTY: to surgically repair -TOMY: to cut into surgically; to make an incision -ITIS: inflammation -CENTESIS: surgical puncture into -MEGALY: enlargement of -PATHY: disease

8. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Suffixes -LOGY: the study of -GRAPH: to record with an instrument -GRAPHY: the act of using an instrument to record -GRAM: a record of -SCOPE: instrument used to look at or view -SCOPY: the act of using an instrument for viewing -RRHEA: to flow -RRHAGE: to burst -LYSIS: to break down -THERAPY: treatment

9. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. “Pertaining to” Suffixes -INE -IC -AR -EAL -OUS -TIC -US -AN -AL -ARY -AC -IAN -E -IVE -UM

10. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Breaking Down a Term Break each word into the PREFIX, SUFFIX and ROOT word Determine each meaning and put into a definition that makes sense –POST/OPERAT/IVE: pertaining to after a surgery –CARDIO/LOGY: the study of the heart –GASTR/ITIS: inflammation of the stomach –OVARIO/HYSTER/ECTOMY: surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus

11. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Directional Terms LATERAL: side of the body; toward the outside DISTAL: away from the center of the body DORSAL: toward the back of the body (spinal area) CRANIAL: toward the head of the body PALMAR: bottom of the front feet ROSTRAL: toward the nose

12. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Directional Terms MEDIAL: toward the inside PROXIMAL: toward the center of the body VENTRAL: toward the abdomen of the body (belly) CAUDAL: toward the tail of the body PLANTAR: bottom of the back feet ASPECT: area RECUMBENT or RECUMBENCY: lying TRANSVERSE- across an area dividing it into cranial and caudal sections

13. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Directional Diagram A- cranial B- caudal C- ventral D- dorsal E- rostral F- proximal G- distal H- palmar I- plantar

14. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Anterior – median - Sagittal M S

15. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Posterior – Median - Sagittal

16. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Anterior – Cranial/Caudal Cranial

17. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Lateral – Traverse Plane

18. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Lateral – Ventral/Dorsal V V V DD

19. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Lateral – Proximal/Distal P D

20. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Species Terms Canine- dog Feline- cat Equine- horse Bovine- cow Cavy- guinea pig Primate- monkeys and apes Poultry- chickens and turkeys Murine- rats or mice Ovine- sheep Porcine- pig Caprine- goat Lagomorph- rabbit Avian- bird Reptile- snakes and lizards Amphibians- frogs and toads Terrapin- turtle

21. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Dogs Intact: capable of reproduction Bitch: female adult intact dog Stud dog: male adult intact dog Puppy: newborn dog Litter: a group of newborn dogs Whelping: the labor process of dogs

22. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Cats Queen: adult female intact cat Tom: adult male intact cat Kitten: newborn cat Queening: the labor process of cats

23. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Rabbits Buck: adult male intact rabbit Doe: adult female intact rabbit Lapin: neutered male rabbit Kit: newborn rabbit Kindling: labor process of rabbits

24. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Ferrets and Guinea Pigs Jill: intact female ferret Hob: intact male ferret Sprite: neutered female ferret Gib: neutered male ferret Sow: female intact guinea pig Boar: male intact guinea pig Pup: young newborn guinea pig

25. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Rats and Mice Dam: adult female intact rat or mouse Sire: adult male intact rat or mouse Pup: young newborn mouse or rat

26. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Poultry and Birds Cock: adult intact male chicken or parrot Rooster: adult male chicken Hen: adult female chicken or parrot Cockerel: immature male chicken Pullet: immature female chicken Chick: newborn chicken Poult: young chicken or turkey Flock: group of birds Drake: male duck Duck: female duck Duckling: newborn duck

27. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Pigs Sow: adult female intact pig Boar: adult male intact pig Barrow: young castrated male pig Stag: adult male castrated pig Gilt: young immature female pig that has not farrowed Piglet: newborn pig Farrowing: labor process of pigs

28. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Horses Stallion: adult male intact horse Mare: adult female intact horse Colt: young male horse Filly: young female horse Foal: newborn horse Gelding: castrated male horse Weanling: young horse under a year of age Yearling: young horse between 1 and 2 years of age Herd: group of horses

29. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Equine Horse: equine over 14.2 hands in height Pony: equine under 14.2 hands in height Hand: measurement of height that equals 4 inches

30. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Equine Donkey: donkey crossed with a donkey Hinny: cross of male horse and female donkey Jack: intact male donkey Jenny: intact female donkey Mule: cross of male donkey and female horse

31. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Sheep and Goats Ewe: adult female sheep Ram: adult male sheep Lamb: newborn sheep Lambing: labor process of sheep Freshening: labor process of dairy animals Buck: male goat Doe: female goat Wether: castrated male goat or sheep Kid: newborn goat Kidding: labor process of goats

32. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Common Animal Terms: Cattle and Llamas Bull: male cow or llama Cow: female cow or llama Heifer: young female cow that has not been bred Stag: mature castrated male cow Steer: young castrated male cow Calf: newborn cow Calving: labor process of cows and llamas Cria: young llama

33. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. FLASH CARDS Use flash cards for new veterinary terms learned throughout the course Study 5-10 minutes each day You will learn many veterinary terms and abbreviations in this course to add to your vocabulary list Make terminology FUN!

34. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Clinical Situation Yr SF DLH PE v/d WNL TPR Wt Lbs or # CBC Rads or x-rays dz dx tx o Tabs PO SID o BM

35. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Are you ready for the exam? Twice a day By mouth Surgery Prescription Four times a day History Diagnosis Gums Treatment Pulse Biopsy Positive Every Pound Right ear Left eye

36. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Patient Information K-9: canine or dog DLH: domestic long hair (cat) DSH: domestic short hair (cat) M: male F: female S or SF: spayed or spayed female NM: neutered male C or CAST: castrated

37. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Patient Information o: owner y or yr: year mo: month wk: week d: day EX: exotic C-SECT: caesarian section d/o: drop off p/u: pick up d/c: discharge rec: recommend S/R: suture removal Sx- surgery

38. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Patient History Hx: history V: VOMITING D: DIARRHEA V/D: vomiting and diarrhea PD: POLYDIPSIA (increased thirst) U: URINE PU: POLYURIA (increased urination) C/S: culture and sensitivity

39. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Patient History BM: BOWEL MOVEMENT ANOREXIA: NOT EATING LETHARGIC: TIRED DYSURIA:TROUBLE URINATING HEMATURIA: BLOOD IN URINE HBC: hit by car

40. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Physical Exam PE: physical exam BAR: bright, alert, responsive QAR: quiet, alert, responsive T: temperature P: pulse R: respiration (breathing) TPR: temperature, pulse, respiration N or -: negative +: positive MM: mucous membranes (gums) CRT: capillary refill time

41. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Physical Exam cont’d HR: heart rate RR: respiratory rate ABD: abdomen LN: lymph nodes WT: weight Acute: onset of condition occurs in a short time Chronic: onset of condition occurs over a long time Dx: diagnosis Px: prognosis Tx: treatment URI: upper respiratory infection

42. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Physical Exam cont’d UTI: urinary tract infection SOAP: Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan ANALS or AG: anal glands FeLV: feline leukemia virus FIP: feline infectious peritonitis FIV: feline immunodeficiency virus L: left R: right

43. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Laboratory Terms Bx: biopsy C/S or C & S: culture and sensitivity CBC: complete blood count CHEM: blood chemistry panel PCV: packed cell volume Cysto: cystocentesis Fecal: stool or fecal sample UA: urinalysis HW: heartworm test T4- thyroid test

44. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Pharmacy Terms Rx: prescription EOD: every other day SID: once a day BID: twice a day TID: three times a day QID: four times a day PRN: as needed q: every d: day w: week h: hour PO: by mouth NPO: nothing by mouth

45. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Pharmacy Terms cont’d Tab: tablet Cap: capsule ml: milliliter (liquid measure) cc: cubic centimeter (liquid measure) kg: kilogram mg: milligram /: per (mg/kg) # or lb: pounds #: amount to dispense oz: ounces

46. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Pharmacy Problem The veterinarian has been talking with Mr. Doe about his dog, Rufus. The dog is on phenobarbital. Rufus is still having seizures and the vet has asked you to have Mr. Doe increase Rufus’s medicine from (1) 25 mg tablet SID to (1) 25 mg tablet BID PO. What will you tell Mr. Doe?

47. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Pharmacy Answer You should tell Mr. Doe that the vet would like Rufus to get (1) 25 mg tablet of phenobarbital two times a day by mouth.

48. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Pharmacy Problem The vet has asked you to fill the following prescription: Give (1) tablet of aspirin PO q 12 h PRN. What will you place on the label?

49. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Pharmacy Answer Give (1) tablet of aspirin by mouth every 12 hours or twice a day as needed.

50. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Eyes and Ears OD: right eye OS: left eye OU: both eyes AD: right ear AS: left ear AU: both ears

51. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Medication Administration Routes SQ: subcutaneous (under the skin) SUB-Q: subcutaneous IM: intramuscular (into the muscle) IV: intravenous (into the vein) IN: intranasal (into the nasal cavity) PO: by mouth

52. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Medication Administration Routes IC: intracardiac (into the heart) IT: intratracheal (into the trachea or windpipe) IP: intraperitoneal (into the peritoneum or lining of the abdomen) IO: intraoseous (into the bone) ID: intradermal (within the skin layers)

53. © 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Veterinary Associations AVMA: American Veterinary Medical Association AAHA: American Animal Hospital Association NAVTA: National Association of Veterinary Technicians of America OFA: Orthopedic Foundation of America