1. 12 Contents Chapter Section 12.1 Brain Development from One to Three
Intellectual Development from One to Three
Contents
Section 12.1 Brain Development from One to Three
Section 12.2 Encouraging Learning from One to Three

2. Section 12.1 Brain Development from One to Three
Both heredity and environment play major roles in the development of a child’s intelligence.
Intellectual activity becomes increasingly complex.

3. Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary neuroscience elicit
intelligence
incidental learning
trial-and-error learning
imitation
directed learning
creativity
elicit
stifle

4. Brain Development
The brain plays a major role in directing behavior and determining intelligence.
intelligence
The ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to use prior experiences when faced with new situations or problems. 4

5. Brain Development
Neuroscience has expanded the knowledge of how a child’s brain develops.
Children learn concepts and words for those concepts in stages.
neuroscience
The modern study of the brain. 5

6. Methods of Learning
Much of what children learn comes from everyday experiences and play.
According to Piaget, between the ages of one and three years, toddlers progress from the sensorimotor to the preoperational period.
What can children learn by helping a parent sort laundry? 6

7. Methods of Learning
There are four methods of learning that children use:
incidental
trial-and-error
imitation
directed
trial-and-error learning
Learning that takes place when a child tries several solutions to find one that works.
Incidental learning
Unplanned Learning. 7

8. Methods of Learning
There are four methods of learning that children use:
incidental
trial-and-error
imitation
directed
imitation
Learning by watching and copying others
directed learning
Learning that results from being taught, often by parents, other caregivers, teachers, or older siblings.

9. Intellectual Activity Areas
The seven areas of intellectual activity develop throughout life:
attention
memory
perception
reasoning
imagination
creativity
curiosity
creativity
A mental ability that involves using the imagination to produce original ideas. 9

10. Intellectual Activity Areas
Intellectual Developmental Milestones – Ages 1 - 3
Age
Developmental Milestone 10

11. Section 12.2 Encouraging Learning from One to Three
Children need to have certain skills before they are ready to read or learn basic math concepts.
During this time, their language skills grow rapidly.
Toys play an important developmental role.

12. Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary reading readiness
math readiness
articulation
stuttering
unstructured
decipher

13. Readiness for Learning
Children need to have acquired certain skills before they are ready to read or learn basic math concepts.
There are many ways parents and caregivers can help guide a child’s learning.

14. Readiness for Learning
Parents and caregivers can encourage reading readiness and math readiness during play and everyday activities.
reading readiness
Learning the skills necessary for reading, including letter recognition and the understanding that letters of the alphabet combine to form words on a page.
math readiness
The level of knowledge of basic math concepts, such as number recognition, needed for learning math.

15. Language Abilities
There are several parts of language that children have an inborn ability to decipher:
Children may experience speech difficulties.
sounds
words
sentences
grammar
decipher
To interpret; to study something until it can be understood.

16. Play Activities and Toys
Toys play an important role in the development of one-to three-year-olds:
Toys encourage motor skills to develop.
Toys can encourage social skills such as sharing and cooperating with others.
How do you think some of your favorite childhood toys helped develop your motor skills?

17. Play Activities and Toys
Parents and caregivers should know how to evaluate toys for young children.

18. Brain Development from One to Three
Chapter Summary
Section 12.1
Brain Development from One to Three
Intelligence is determined by both heredity and environment.
Children learn concepts and the words for those concepts in stages.
Learning methods include incidental, trial-and-error, imitation, and directed learning.
There are seven areas of intellectual activity. 18

19. Encouraging Learning from One to Three
Chapter Summary
Section 11.2
Encouraging Learning from One to Three
Children’s learning can be guided by adults.
Caregivers should encourage reading and math readiness during play and everyday activities.
Toys should be safe, appealing, and appropriate to a child’s age.
Speech difficulties include problems with articulation and stuttering. 19

20. Review
Do you remember the vocabulary terms from this chapter? Use the following slides to check your knowledge of the definitions.
The slides in this section include both English and Spanish terms and definitions.
Start

21. neuroscience neurociencia The modern study of the brain.
El estudio moderno del cerebro.
Show Definition

22. intelligence inteligencia
The ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to use prior experiences when faced with new situations or problems.
La habilidad de interpretar y entender situaciones cotidianas y de usar experiencias anteriores al enfrentar situaciones o problemas nuevos.
Show Definition

23. aprendizaje incidental incidental learning
Unplanned learning.
Aprendizaje no planeado.
Show Definition

24. trial-and-error learning aprendizaje por ensayo y error
Learning that takes place when a child tries several solutions to find one that works.
Aprendizaje que sucede cuando un niño prueba varias soluciones para encontrar la que funciona.
Show Definition

25. Learning by watching and copying others.
imitation
imitación
Learning by watching and copying others.
Aprender por medio de observar e imitar o copiar a otros.
Show Definition

26. aprendizaje dirigido directed learning
Learning that results from being taught, often by parents, other caregivers, teachers, or older siblings.
Conocimientos que se adquieren mediante la enseñanza, ya sea de maestros, padres, hermanos mayores u otras personas a cargo de cuidar al niño.
Show Definition

27. creativity creatividad
A mental ability that involves using the imagination to produce original ideas.
Habilidad mental que involucra utilizar la imaginación para crear ideas originales.
Show Definition

28. preparación para la lectura reading readiness
Learning the skills necessary for reading, including letter recognition and the understanding that letters of the alphabet combine to form words on a page.
Aprender las habilidades necesarias para leer, incluyendo el reconocimiento de las letras del alfabeto y la comprensión de que éstas se combinan para formar palabras en una página.
Show Definition

29. preparación para las matemáticas math readiness
The level of knowledge of basic math concepts, such as number recognition, needed for learning math.
Nivel de conocimiento de conceptos básicos necesarios para aprender matemáticas, como por ejemplo, reconocer los números.
Show Definition

30. articulation articulación The ability to use clear, distinct speech.
Habilidad para hablar de manera clara.
Show Definition

31. When a person speaks with sporadic repetition or prolonged sounds.
stuttering
tartamudeo
When a person speaks with sporadic repetition or prolonged sounds.
Cuando una persona habla con repeticiones esporádicas o sonidos prolongados.
Show Definition

32. elicit
provocar
To bring forth; to produce some sort of reaction or response.
Generar una reacción o respuesta.
Show Definition

33. To suppress, or prevent the development of something.
stifle
reprimir
To suppress, or prevent the development of something.
Contener, o evitar el desarrollo de algo.
Show Definition

34. Lacking formal organization. Que no tiene organización formal.
unstructured
no estructurado
Lacking formal organization.
Que no tiene organización formal.
Show Definition

35. To interpret; to study something until it can be understood.
decipher
autodisciplina
To interpret; to study something until it can be understood.
Interpretar; estudiar algo hasta entenderlo.
Show Definition

36. Intellectual Development from One to Three
End of
Chapter 12
Intellectual Development from One to Three
home
glencoe.com