1. Definite Articles and Plurals Para Empezar

2. Genders In Spanish, every NOUN has a gender. masculine or feminine

3. How to Determine Gender Most masculine words end in “o” ex: el vestido el libro

4. How to Determine Gender Feminine Words: 1. Most feminine words end in “a” ex: la manzana la hija 2. end in –ción ex: la estación 3. end in –dad ex: la universidad Exception: la mano

5. Gender For words that don’t end in “o,” “a,” “dad,” or “cion” you have to memorize the gender Ex: la nariz el lápiz

6. Gender ***Gender is not determined by what the noun means or its function, but simply by how the word ENDS. Ex: el vestido = masculine word definition: dress

7. Los artículos definidos There are 4 definite articles in Spanish: el, la, los, las masculine feminine singular EL LA plural LOS LAS All four articles translate to “the” in English

8. Articulos definidos: Practice _______ dibujo el _______ concha la _______ angeles los _______ Equipos los _______ sillas las

9. Plurals

10. How to make a word plural: There are two steps in Spanish: 1. make the article plural (el  los; la  las) 2. change/add to the noun

11. Step 2: If the noun ends in a vowel, add an “s” ex: la manzana  las manzanas If the noun ends in a consonant, add “es” ex: la universidad  las universidades If the noun ends in “z,” change the z to “c” and add “es” ex: la nariz  las narices