1. Important relative of the D.O.P.

2. D.O.Ps: A review Replaces a noun in any sentence and turns it into the word “it” or “them”. 4 forms: Lo, la, los, las Can be placed in 2 different locations: in front of a conjugated verb, or on the end of an …ing word. Special accent rules still apply in position #2!!!

3. D.O.P Examples I eat it. OR I’m eating it (the pizza) La como. OR estoy comiéndola They watch it OR They´re watching it (the program) Lo miran. OR Están mirándolo. She plays it OR She´s playing it (soccer) Lo juega. OR Está jugándolo.

4. I.O.Ps (Indirect Object Pronouns) Work very similar to D.O.P´s but they are only PEOPLE, not objects!!! Their translation in English will have the words “To or For” in front of them. There are 6 I.O.P’s: Me, Te, Le, Les, Nos and Os. Me = to/for me Le = to/for him, her, Ud. Te = to/for you Les = to/for them/ uds. Nos = to/for us Os = to/for y’all. They can go in the same 2 places as D.O.P’s!!!! (special accent rules still apply to position #2!)

5. Examples: I give the homework to her OR I’m giving the homework to her (the teacher). “to her” = le I’m giving = yo doy. Le doy la tarea. OR Estoy dándole la tarea.

6. Example: She helps me at home OR She is helping me at home. Gives help “to me” = me She helps = ella ayuda Ella me ayuda en casa OR Está aydándome en casa.

7. Example: The teachers tell us the homework OR The teachers are telling us the homework. Tell the homework “to us” = nos The teachers tell = ellos dicen Ellos nos dicen la tarea. Or Están diciéndonos la tarea.

8. Example: Do you have the money for them? For them = les Do you have = ¿Tienes? ¿Les tienes el dinero? *THIS DOES NOT HAVE A #2 OPTION BECAUSE IT IS NOT AN …ING PHRASE.

9. More invisible words Even though the English translation of the sentence will MEAN “to” or “for”, those words may be “invisible” in English, which is the same as the other “invisible” words you have already learned this year: Do, does, is, am, are. Example: ¿Te gusta? = DO you like….(no real word for DO) Example: ¿Me ayudas? = will you give help TO me?