1. SSPP Church History Post-Reformation to Vatican II

2. The First Vatican Council (1869-1870) The Purpose of the CouncilThe Documents of the Council The Council was called to… ▫Condemn modernism & rationalism (a heresy that rejects the existence of the supernatural, including the existence of God) ▫Restate the Faith in areas in which it had been attacked ▫Provide safeguards for Christian education & marriage ▫Review clerical life ▫Issue doctrinal statement on the Church  Examine the relationship between the Church & the new modern democratic states The Council issued two major documents: ▫Dei Filius: reexamined the relationship between the Church, the Faith, revelation, & reason ▫Pastor Aeternus: defined the role of the pope in the Church & his special charism of infallibility

3. The First Vatican Council (1869-1870) Papal Infallibility The Interruption of the Council These conditions must be present for the pope to teach infallibly, that is, without error ▫He must teach as successor of St. Peter, not just the bishop of Rome ▫The subject must be on a matter of faith & morals ▫The teaching must be binding on all the faithful ▫The pope must declare the teaching to be definitive The Council was interrupted by the outbreak of the Franco- Prussian War ▫Pope Pius IX suspended the council indefinitely ▫It was not officially closed until just before the opening of the Second Vatican Council

4. The Apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Fatima (1917) The Blessed Virgin Mary appeared to 3 Portuguese children: ▫Jacinta ▫Francisco ▫Lucia Mary told them that God was greatly offended by the sins of the world She asked for the children & all Catholics to: ▫Pray the Rosary daily ▫Make personal sacrifices for the conversion of sinners ▫To consecrate Russia to her Immaculate Heart

5. The Apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Fatima (1917) There were many supernatural marks verified the authenticity of Fatima ▫Our Lady predicted the ending of World War I ▫Our Lady predicted that World War II would begin during the reign of Pope Pius XI Jacinta, Francisco, & Lucia all lead simple lives of humility & holiness ▫Our Lady predicted that Jacinta & Francisco would die at a young age ▫15 years after her death, the body of Jacinta was exhumed & was found to be completely incorrupt ▫Lucia went on to become a Discalced Carmelite nun ▫Pope John Paul II beatified Francisco & Jacinta in 2000

6. The Miracle of the Sun at Fatima Our Lady predicted the “miracle of the sun,” which showed divine approval of Fatima’s message ▫The sun “danced” in the sky before 70,000 eyewitnesses ▫Some were believers, agnostic, atheists, and others who were as far as 25 miles away

7. The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) The Purpose of the CouncilDocuments of the Council The council was called to… ▫Develop ways to present the teachings of the Church to those who were skeptical ▫Take the Gospel message to a world in desperate need of God’s love after living through 2 world wars ▫Demonstrate the validity of the teachings of the Church rather than condemn erroneous & heretical views There were a total of 16 documents; 4 of them were major documents called: ▫Sacrosanctum Concilium: called for a renewal of the Liturgy ▫Lumen Gentium: discussed the Church’s mission ▫Dei Verbum: discussed how the truths of the faith are transmitted, inspired, & interpreted ▫Gaudium et Spes: examined how the Church related to the modern world

8. The Second Vatican Council (1962- 1965) The Council called for the laity to live out the call for holiness ▫It’s not just a call for priests & religious sisters, but we’re all supposed to live lives of holiness The Council also allowed for a greater acceptance of the use of the vernacular languages, but maintained the primacy of Latin