1. ATTR 200 Sept. 21 & 23 John Walker

2.  Illegal play  Poor technique  Inadequate conditioning  Poorly matched player levels  *Inadequate protection to previous injury  *Inability to protect without restricting motion  *Poor quality or maintenance of protective equipment

3.  Hand-me-down equipment  Focus for purchasing new equipment  Equipment regulatory agencies ◦ NOCSAE ◦ NCAA ◦ NFHSA

4.  Tort Review  Guidelines for proper protective equipment to minimize liability ◦ Buy from reputable manufacturers ◦ Competent assembly; follow directions strictly ◦ Warn about possible risks and dangers of improper use ◦ Ensure proper fit of all equipment

5.  NOCSAE standards ◦ Not a warranty ◦ Periodic reconditioning  Helmets can last many years  Purchasing/reconditioning guidelines

6.  Protective ◦ Used to protect specific areas from injury ◦ Think padding ◦ Helmets; shoulder pads; gloves; shin guards

7.  Accommodating ◦ Used during activity ◦ Used to stabilize previous injury ◦ Most commonly used for knee

8.  Rehabilitative ◦ Used after injury and surgery ◦ Adjustable hinge for ROM ◦ Not used during competition

9.  Prophylactic ◦ Used as a preventative measure ◦ Added mechanical support ◦ Braces and taping

10.  Low-mass-high-velocity impact  High-mass-low-velocity impact  Focal  Diffuse

11. ◦ NOCSAE warning  Do not strike an opponent with any part of this helmet or face mask. This is a violation of football rules and may cause you to suffer a severe brain or neck injury, including paralysis or death. Severe brain or neck injury may also occur accidentally while playing football. NO HELMET CAN PREVENT ALL SUCH INJURIES. YOU USE THIS HELMET AT YOUR OWN RISK.

12.  Fitting ◦ Snug fit with no space between pads and the head and face ◦ Cover the base of the skull ◦ Two fingers from brow to front edge ◦ Ears in ear holes ◦ At least three fingers between chin and facemask ◦ Chin strap should keep the helmet from moving in all directions

13.  Hockey ◦ Canadian Standards Association not NOCSAE ◦ High-mass-low-velocity and low-mass-high- velocity protection  Baseball/softball ◦ NOCSAE standards (similar warning to football) ◦ Suspect protection from high velocity impact

14.  Mouth guards ◦ 3 types: stock, moldable, custom fit ◦ Protects teeth, lips, tongue; also helps prevent cerebral concussion ◦ Required in what sports?  Eye protection ◦ Protects eyes from fast moving projectiles ◦ Sports that require eye protection

15.  Football shoulder pads ◦ Cantilever vs. non-cantilever ◦ Fitting  Inside pad must cover shoulder (acromion)  Outside pads should cover deltoid muscles but allow movement  Straps should hold pads tightly in place  Other sports that require shoulder/chest protection

16.  Yes, shoes are protective equipment  Parts of the shoe ◦ Toe box ◦ Sole ◦ Heel counters ◦ Shoe uppers ◦ Arch support  Shoe comparison (pg.204)  Shoe lacing (pg.205)

17.  Ankle braces ◦ 3 types ◦ What equipment type?  Ankle taping

18.  Rehabilitative ◦ Post-surgical ◦ Allow for progressive ROM changes  Functional ◦ Can be worn during competition/practice ◦ Can be custom fit to athlete

19.  Elbow braces/pads ◦ Similar to rehabilitative knee braces ◦ What sports require elbow pads?  Gloves ◦ Important to protect hand/fingers from injury, too ◦ Required in what sports?