2. Outline My vantage point as a syrupmaker Overall design requirements for mechanizing a mill Internet-based calculators to assist in meeting design requirements RPM and rpm calculator Torque and torque calculator Power and power calculator

3. Cow Barn Mule Shelter Corn Storage Vehicle Shed Pack Houses Bee YardMuscadines Tobacco Barns, Goat Shelter, Mulberries, Pecans, Chickens Smoke House, Ice House, Out House, Well Shelter (Wash Pots &c.) Small Fruits Feed Mill Blacksmith Shop Sugar Mill Yard Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model) Rollers: 6 inches long Juice output: 45 gallons per hour Power: 1 horse, heavy

4. The Journey from a “Trash” Mill... Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model) to a Finished Product. Kettle of Syrup

5. Design Requirements 1.Establish Target Revolutions per Minute 2. Establish Target Torque 3. Establish Target Power

6. Three Internet-based Calculators

7. Revolutions Per Minute Too Fast: Juice does not drip from bagasse before ejection from mill Base plate designs insufficient for large volumes of juice Wear on mill Safety concerns Too Slow: Decreased capacity Just Right: Surface Roller Speed: 27 feet per minute

11. Design Requirements For Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model) 1.Revolutions per Minute = 8.6 2. Establish Target Torque 3. Establish Target Power Torque

12. http://www.syrupmakers.com The Great American Cane Mill Goldens’ Foundry and Machine

13. Force Measurements to Crush Cane Thirteen Oaks Farm and Cane Mill Hartford, Alabama

14. Kinds of cane

15. The measurements easily provide the force (which can be converted to torque) for this particular mill.

16. The Problem: Generalize the Force Requirements from A Particular Mill to Torque Requirements for Any Mill.

17. My Active Sugar-cane Buddies

18. ... and after too much Torque Talk and Mathematics:

19. ... a softer approach: Ends of rollers can not be used Effective Roller Length

20. Small-diameter Roller Torque and Force at Roller Face Large-diameter Roller

24. Design Requirements For Goldens’ No. 2 (New Model) 1.Revolutions per Minute = 8.6 2. Minimum Torque = 1272 ft-lbs 3. Establish Target Power Power

25. ...many ways to achieve target rpm and torque:

26. Electric Motor, Right-Angle Speed Reducer, & Chain Drive Chain guard removed for illustration

27. Drive Train Design Use of Chain Drive: High mechanical efficiency (~95%) Inexpensive Low overhang load compared with belt drive Large sprocket on mill (6x): low overhang load and use of smaller speed reducer. Use of Right-angle Speed reducer: Low ratios have higher mechanical efficiency.

31. Thank you for your attention. http:/www.southernmatters.com