1. FATEMEH ARBAB DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY FARBAB@UCALGARY.CA WINTER 2009 Ear Biometric

2. Out line Introduction Anatomy of Ear Innarelli system Burge and Burger PCA Hurley, Nixon and Carter Akkermans, Kenvenaar and Schobben Conclusion 2

3. Introduction Why Ear?  Stable structure  Predictable change with age  It’s fixed position  Collection hygiene issues  Unlikely to cause anxiety 3

4. Anatomy of Ear 4

5. Innarelli System Used for forensic in 1949, USA  Specified distances  Race  Sex 5

6. Burge and Burger Neighbor Graph Matching, 1998 Ear print Voronoi Diagram Neighbor Graph 6

7. Burge and Burger Improving FAR Still is not practical!  Ear description is unstable  Detected edges were occluded parts rather than surface discontinuities  Occlusion with hair  Thermogram 7

8. Principle Component Analysis Basis elements in a Vector space 8

9. Principle Component Analysis Implementation Recognition rate of 98.4% on a data set of 252 ear images 9

10. Hurley, Nixon and Carter Force Field Transform, 2005 10

11. Hurley, Nixon and Carter Force Field Transforms: Invertible transforms 11

12. Hurley, Nixon and Carter Sample  Promising results on small database 12

13. Akkermans, Kenvenaar and Schobben Acoustic Ear Recognition, 2005  Correlation of emitted and reflected wave  Applicable on headphones or modified mobile phones  31 and 17 samples, respectively 13

14. Conclusion Summary ApproachNeighbor Graph Matching PCAForce Field Transform Acoustic Ear Recognition Data Source2D Active Identification Data Sizen/a189n/a Recognition Rate n/a98.4%n/a 14

15. What else… Sample of 3D ear biometric  Iterative Closest Point 15

16. Major References [1]D. J. Hurley, B. Arbab-Zavar, M. S. Nixon, The Ear as a Biometric, Handbook of Biometrics, Springer, 2008, pp.131-150. [2]M. Burge, W. Burger, Ear Biometrics, BIOMETRICS: Personal Identification in a networked Society, Klumer Academic, 1998, pp. 273-286. [3]K. H. Pun, Y. S. Moon, Recent advances in Ear Biometrics, in the proceedings of Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, May 2004, pp. 164-169. [4]D. J. Hurley, M. S. Nixon, J. N. Carter, Force field feature extraction for ear biometrics, Computer Vision and Image Understanding, Elsevier Science, 2005, pp. 491-512. [5]A. H. M. Akkermans, T. A. M. Kenvenaar, D. W. E. Schobben, Acoustic Ear Recognition for person Identification, in the proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies, 2005, pp. 219-223. [6] A. Okabe, B. Boots, K. Sugihara, Spatial Tessellations: concepts and applications of voronoi diagrams, John Wiley & Sons, 1992, chapter 3. 16

17. Thank You! 17