1. The Myth of Whole Mantle Convection JUDGE FOR YOURSELF… Don L. Anderson

2. http://www.mantleplumes.org/Penrose/BookChapterPD Fs/RitsemaWebSuppl_Accepted.pdf  The large, red, 2000-km-wide feature extends from the southern hemisphere under the Shona and Bouvet volcanic regions to the Afar region, some 7000 km distant.  It has been assumed to be a continuous hot feature that penetrates the whole mantle.

3. Ritsema, J., Global seismic maps, Web supplement, 2005. (http://www.mantleplumes.org/TopPages/TheP3Book.html)http://www.mantleplumes.org/TopPages/TheP3Book.html Ritsema, J., van Heijst, H. J., and Woodhouse, J. H., Complex shearwave velocity structure imaged beneath Africa and Iceland, Science, 286, 1925–1928, 1999. References

4. Evidence for whole mantle convection Visual impression of a few color-saturated tomographic cross- sections

5. Images that suggest whole mantle convection

6. Images that suggest slab flattening

7. The transition zone is a crust-slab-water filter but it filters from above, not below Upper mantle 1000-km Mesosphere Abyss D” D’ LOWERMANTLELOWERMANTLE VISUAL INTERPRETATIONS ARE NOT ALWAYS THE BEST, BUT....

8. “It is now well established that oceanic plates sink into the lower mantle at subduction zones…”

9. Ritsema, 2005

10. Transition Zone thickness is independent of hotspot and ‘megaplume’ locations

11. With this color scheme there are no whole mantle slabs

12. Cartoons are used to interpret the images as slabs and plumes

13. References Fukao, Y., Widiyantoro, S., and Obayashi, M., Stagnant slabs in the upper and lower mantle transition region, Rev. Geophy. 28,291–323, 2001.

14. Saturated images showing slab-like features

15. Correlations between seismic velocities (solid) and between velocities and densities (dots and dashes)

16. Different color schemes

17. Deep or shallow Iceland?

18. Different views across Iceland