1. Ceramics Mrs. Rogers Art 1

2. Ceramics Terms Greenware - Unfired pottery. Ready to be bisque fired. Stages of Clay Plastic – Soft clay used to make coils, slabs, etc. Leather Hard - Stage of the clay between plastic and bone dry. Clay is still damp enough to join it to other pieces using slip. For example, this is the stage handles are applied to mugs. Bone Dry - Completely air dried Bisque Fire - First firing, without glaze. Slips can be used in a bisque firing. Glaze firing - The final firing, with glaze. Stoneware – Buff colored clay, used for coffee cups, ext. Fires at 1800 degrees Fahrenheit. Porcelain - White stoneware, made from clay prepared from feldspar, china clay, flint and whiting. Earthenware - A low fired clay body. Glazed pottery is fired to a temperature of 1,830 - 2,010 degrees Fahrenheit. For our purposes this clay is red. Wedging - A method of kneading clay to make it homogenous by cutting and rolling. (removes air pockets and a way to add water) Slab - Pressed or rolled flat sections of clay used in hand building. Coil Pot - pot made with spiral of clay: a pot formed from a structure of coils or ropes of clay laid one on top of the other in a spiral Slip - Clay mixed with water with a mayonnaise consistency. Used in casting, decoration and attaching pieces of clay. Slip, Score, Blend – procedure for attaching clay parts for a permanent bond. Fire - To heat a clay object in a kiln to a specific temperature. Glaze - A thin coating of glass. An impervious silicate coating, which is developed in clay ware by the fusion under heat of inorganic materials. Kiln - A furnace of refractory clay bricks for firing pottery and for fusing glass.

3. Pinch Pots 1) Begin with a ball of clay. Push your thumb into the center. Then pinch up the walls. 2) Turn the piece as you pinch. This will help you to keep an even thickness in the walls of the piece. 3) Gently pat the bottom on a flat surface to create a flat spot on the bottom of the piece.

5. Coil Pots When hand rolling coils, use a smooth surface and spreading your hands to apply even pressure. Roll the coils so that they are a little thicker than a pencil. Then stack the coils one on top of another. For strength, force the clay together on the inside of the piece. Use you finger and scrape the top coil onto the coil under it. When smoothing the inside of the piece hold you other hand on the outside so you do not damage what you have already completed. If you want the top level, gently turn your piece over and lightly tap it on a smooth surface.

6. Native American Pottery

7. Maria Martinez – Indian Potter Coil Pots – Applied Slip Decoration

8. Slab Building

9. Clay Plate - Slab

10. Slab Bowl

11. Slip Application/Wax Resist www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2pRlOm4L_Q www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2pRlOm4L_Q

12. Chimu Culture Pottery - Sacred

13. Sacred Vessel Example

14. Tea Bowls Tea bowls are used in ritualistic tea ceremonies.

15. Tea Bowls Some have symbolic images painted or impressed onto the clay body.

17. Tea parties of the past

24. The Plan

26. Tea Bowl Ceremony http://www.fmschools.org/artdepartment/clay/ceramics/ History_of_Raku.html http://www.fmschools.org/artdepartment/clay/ceramics/ History_of_Raku.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_tea_ceremony#His tory http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_tea_ceremony#His tory

27. Symbols for Meaning www.symbols.com http://www.umcs.org/chrismons/patterns/index.htm http://www.world-flags-symbols.com/ http://www.ancient-symbols.com/alchemy_symbols.html You will have an opportunity to look for symbols to use on your tea bowl. These symbols can make the tea bowl more visually interesting, but more importantly the symbols will make the bowl more personally rewarding and memorable for you as a creative assignment. Some symbol research websites are above as hyperlinks. Please remember to use symbols that are school appropriate.