1. Limites convergentes: zonas de subduccion. Prismas de acrecion, arcos magmaticos

2. Plate tectonics Convergent boundaries

3. Plate tectonics Convergent boundaries Collision Subduction

19. Subduction modeling From 2D to 3D…

20. Subduction modeling About the plate tectonics 2D subduction model 3D subduction model Future works

21. Subduction modeling About the plate tectonics 2D subduction model 3D subduction model Future works

22. Subduction modeling About the plate tectonics 2D subduction model 3D subduction model Future works

23. First subduction model : 2D Rectangle domain Plate Upper mantle

24. First subduction model : 2D Lengths of the domain 3120 km 660 km Plate Upper mantle Lower mantle 100 km

25. First subduction model : 2D Boundary conditions No slip Plate Upper mantle Lower mantle

26. First subduction model : 2D Boundary conditions No slip Plate Upper mantle Lower mantle Free slip

27. First subduction model : 2D Boundary conditions No slip Plate Upper mantle Lower mantle Free slip

28. First subduction model : 2D Boundary conditions No slip Plate Upper mantle Lower mantle Free slip No slip

29. Governing equations Rayleigh-Taylor Instability: dense slab sinks into a less dense mantle … conservation of mass, incompressible medium … conservation of momentum … deviatoric stress tensorwith no energy equation

30. Rheology Viscous mantle Viscoplastic plate ViscousPlastic

31. The hardware: Horus supercomputer

32. 2D subduction results

33. Lifecycle : flow reorganization

34. Necessity of the third dimension Importance of the mantle flow Real subductions have a limited lateral extent Interactions on the lateral edges of subduction zones

35. Subduction modeling About the plate tectonics 2D subduction model 3D subduction model Future works

36. 3D subduction model Same governing equations Same tools used … only a different setup

37. 3D subduction model upper mantle plate with subduction zone no upper plate Box size: big enough, for side walls to have little effect on subducting slab

38. The level set field subducting slab only subducting part of the plate is included in the FE domain use level set to define and track the subducting plate

39. Symmetry hypothesis assume symmetry: model only half of the domain free slip side boundary

40. Bottom boundary condition higher viscosity in LM and phase boundary hinder convection fixed bottom boundary

41. Slab boundary conditions plate fixed, to isolate effects of tearing and rollback fixed end free slip top boundary

42. Edge of the slab extreme case: free slip tear zone

43. Top boundary condition plate bottom fixed

44. Sides boundary conditions Freeslip on the sides

45. 3D subduction results

46. Lifecycle of the subduction

47. Reorganization of the flow