1. Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs А.J. Abdurashitov Branch Manager of OJSC VNIIZHT, Ph.D. VNIIZhT (OJSC “Russian Railway Transport Research Institute”)

2. The strategy of development of railway transport in the Russian Federation up to 2030 envisages increasing amount of freight traffic by about 40%. One of the objectives is to bring between overhauls tonnage by 2015 to 1.5 billion tonnes gross, and by 2030 to 2.5 billion tonnes gross. To achieve these parameters is necessary to develop more sophisticated design elements of the track’s permanent way. When choosing the design of the way the main criteria are the cost and duration of the life cycle. General states 2 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

3. Passenger from 160 to 200 km/h Freight up to 90 km/h Passenger - 250 km/h Freight - 90 km/h 400 km/h Scheduled for future track network of OJSC "Russian Railways" with heavy haul, fast and high-speed traffic New high-speed tracks for passenger traffic with speeds up to: Fast tracks with combined traffic, including heavy haul, with trains speed: Combined traffic high-speed tracks with trains speed up to: 3 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

4. Comparison of change in length of track with continuous welded rails by year on Siberian and Far Eastern railways and on the network as a whole The area in which continuous welded rails has been laid is increasing and it currently accounts for 67.1% of the total length of railway network’s main lines. 4 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT Years Percentage of total length of railway lines Russian Railways network Siberia and Far East

5. Operational conditions on Russian railways The Russian Federation is characterised by a variety of building and operating conditions Depending on their geographic and climatic location, construction zones are defined: - according to the relief conditions – from plains to mountainous areas - according to geological factors – from swampy land to rock foundations - according to type of climate – from subtropical to Arctic. Maximum daily temperature range : 40°С Maximum annual temperature range : 120°С Number of days per year with temperature < 0°С: 221.1. Occurrence of snowstorms and snowdrifts. 5 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

6. Analysis of the slab track in testing facility of OJSC "VNIIZhT" in Scherbinka Section of slab track RHEDA -2000 and LVT RHEDA-2000 LVT 6 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

7. Distribution of track maintenance major works of the high-speed track sections Distribution of track maintenance major works of the high-speed track sections 7 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

8. Clips for fast and high-speed tracks on the Moscow-St. Petersburg line Pandrol (8 elements) Vossloh (8 elements) ARS (8 elements) KB (19 elements) Maintenance cost of 1 km of track per year: - KB - 1 897 €. - ARS - 375 €. - PANDROL - 0 €. - VOSSLOH - 0 €. 8 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

9. Ensure the strength and stability of tracks with continuous welded rails during the life cycle Remote monitoring of the rails with independent measurement systems with function of the track work analysis 9 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

10. Part of the curve with ballast fixed by polymeric binder Sleepers with high shear stability Reinforced tracks with continuous welded rails in Siberia 10 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

11. Sleepers Sh3-K for the curves of small radius with clips ZhBR-65 Testing track section with sleepers Sh3-K with gauge 1530 mm at the Dalnevostochnaya railway R = 246 m Testing track section with sleepers Sh3-K with gauge 1530 mm at the Dalnevostochnaya railway R = 246 m Testing track section with sleepers Sh3-K with gauge 1535 mm at the Dalnevostochnaya railway R = 240 m 6 curves of small radius placed in Privolzhskaya railway Wear reduction compared to the wooden sleepers in 2 times 11 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

12. New materials and technologies to strengthen sub-ballast Placing reinforcement cage into the ballast of transition track section Modeling of the stress-strain state of reinforced track foundation 12 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

13. Prevent damage of the rolling stock with ballast particles Polyurethane coating is applied to the surface of the ballast and prevents it from being moved by air wave created by the passage of high-speed trains. The technology of using adhesives in the ballast used on high- speed line Moscow-St. Petersburg 13 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

14. 1.The main criterion in selecting a track design is the cost and the length of the life cycle. 2.The main track design on Russian railways, including those in Siberian areas, is continuous welded rail on reinforced concrete sleepers. 3.Railway track in Russia is operated in difficult climatic, engineering and geological conditions which are taken into account in the selection of the parameters for building and fitting track. 4.The main objective is to reduce costs for the rail clips. This is priority way for cooperation. 5.Integrated measures have been carried out to lengthen the service life of the rails to 1.5 billion tonnes gross. Conclusions 14 | Improving track design to reduce life cycle costs | 16.10.12 | VNIIZhT

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