2. Greek Athletics in Everyday Life

3. Athlos Competition for a Prize

4. Athletics and Art Panathenaic amphora ca. 530 B.C.; Archaic Attributed to the Euphiletos Pain ter MYRON Diskobolos 5th C B.C. (Roman copy) Rome, Museo Nazionale Romano Apoxyomenos (The Scraper) by Lysippos of Sikyon ca. 330 B.C.

5. Athletics in Religious Contexts: Temple of Zeus at Olympia

6. Athletics in the Nude: Gymnos Perizomata

7. Athletic Equipment Aryballos (jar of olive oil) Strigil (scraper) Spongos (sponge) Cap Konis (dust)

10. Musical Accompaniment

11. Plan of Olympia

12. Athletic Facilities Stadium Hippodrome Gymnasium Palaestra Swimming Pool

13. Stadium

15. Hippodrome

16. Palaestra

18. Gymnasium

20. Greek Women and Athletics Female Recreation Women as Athletic Benefactors Women as Spectators? Women as Participants/Athletes

21. Athenian Attitude toward Women “ To a woman not to show more weakness than is natural to her sex is a great glory, and not to be talked about for good or for evil among men.” From Pericles’ Funeral Oration in Thucydides’ History. II.VI.

23. Red-figure amphora by Andokides Painter, c. 520 B.C. Paris. Louvre

26. Women as Athletic Benefactors: Tatia CIG XVII, 3953c from Asia Minor (Turkey) The council and the people and the senate honored Tatia, who was the daughter of Glykon, who was the son of Glykon, who twice received the honor of wearing a crown. He was the director of the gymnasium and a priest of Herakles and head of the council. They thought Tatia worthy of this honor because she was a faithful wife, was directress of the gymnasium, and was honorable in all aspects of her life.

27. Women as Spectators (NOT!) Priestess of Demeter (Arete #97/150)

28. Female Athletes: Kyniska Women as Competitors

29. Dorian or Spartan Women Known as phainomerides or “thigh showers” Euripides’ stereotypical image of Spartan women: Arete 154 Plutarch, Life of Lycurgus (see next two slides)

30. Image from a Corinthian Aryballos from the Apollo Temple in Corinth, first quarter of the sixth century BC. Text includes the names of Polyterpos and Pyrrhias Bibasis, a Spartan dance, "The dance consisted in springing rapidly from the ground, and striking the feet behind...The number of successful strokes was counted, and the most skilful received prizes. We are told by a verse which has been preserved by Pollux (iv.102), that a Laconian girl had danced the bibasis a thousand times, which was more than had ever been done before " William Smith, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.

31. Lysistrata Good day, Lampito, dear friend from Lacedaemon. How well and handsome you look! what a rosy complexion! and how strong you seem; why, you could strangle a bull surely! Lampito Yes, indeed, I really think I could. 'Tis because I do gymnastics and practise the kick dance. Calonicé And what superb bosoms! ARISTOPHANES

32. Religious Festivals for Women The Heraia Celebrated every four years Footrace only Three age-groups Shortened track (158 m) Run by “Sixteen Women”

33. Religious Festivals for Women Sanctuary of Artemis at Brauron in Attica