2.  This material describes degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs, general rules of adding the suffixes "er, est", using "more, most, less, least", and typical constructions expressing comparison.

3.  One-syllable adjectives form the comparative and superlative degrees by adding the suffixes ER, EST: black, blacker, blackest; cheap, cheaper, cheapest; clear, clearer, clearest; cold, colder, coldest; green, greener, greenest

4.  Most two-syllable adjectives, including adjectives ending in the suffixes "al, ant, ent, ish, ive, ic, ous, ful, less", form the comparative and superlative degrees with the help of MORE, MOST: active, more active, most active; careless, more careless, most careless; distant, more distant, most distant; eager, more eager, most eager;

5.  Two-syllable adjectives ending in "y, er, ow" usually form the comparative and superlative degrees by adding ER, EST: angry, angrier, angriest; busy, busier, busiest; crazy, crazier, craziest; dirty, dirtier, dirtiest; easy, easier, easiest; early, earlier, earliest; funny, funnier, funniest;

6.  Two-syllable adjectives ending in "y, er, ow" often have variants with MORE, MOST: lazy, lazier / more lazy, laziest / most lazy; fancy, fancier / more fancy, fanciest / most fancy; friendly, friendlier / more friendly, friendliest / most friendly; lovely, lovelier / more lovely, loveliest / most lovely;

7.  If an adjective ends in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel, the consonant is doubled before adding ER, EST: big, bigger, biggest; fat, fatter, fattest; hot, hotter, hottest; red, redder, reddest; sad, sadder, saddest; thin, thinner, thinnest; wet, wetter, wettest.

8. If an adjective ends in mute E, the letter E is dropped before adding ER, EST: blue, bluer, bluest; brave, braver, bravest; close, closer, closest; fine, finer, finest; pale, paler, palest; rude, ruder, rudest; simple, simpler, simplest; wide, wider, widest.

9.  If an adjective ends in Y preceded by a consonant, Y is changed to I before adding ER, EST: busy, busier, busiest; dry, drier, driest; happy, happier, happiest; lucky, luckier, luckiest; sleepy, sleepier, sleepiest. Note: sly, slier, sliest OR slyer, slyest.

10.  If final Y is preceded by a vowel, Y doesn't change before adding ER, EST: gray, grayer, grayest.

11. Adjectives of three or more syllables Adjectives consisting of three or more syllables form the comparative and superlative degrees by using MORE, MOST before the adjective: beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful; comfortable, more comfortable, most comfortable; curious, more curious, most curious;

12.  Adjectives formed from participles form the comparative and superlative forms with the help of MORE, MOST irrespective of the number of the syllables: annoying, more annoying, most annoying; boring, more boring, most boring; hurt, more hurt, most hurt; pleased, more pleased, most pleased; surprised, more surprised, most surprised; tired, more tired, most tired; worried, more worried, most worried.