1. Defensive Driving For Non-Emergency Drivers

2. Non- Emergency Vehicle Operation Non- Sworn personnel are not authorized to operate agency vehicles in emergency mode (lights and siren). Vehicles must be operated in accordance with all traffic laws.

3. Non- Emergency Vehicle Operation

4. DEFENSIVE driving is… making a habit of driving to prevent collisions and violations. You are creating a safe driving space. You are defending yourself even if the conditions are poor or other drivers are acting unsafely.

5. DEFENSIVE driving is… …driving to SAVE LIVES, TIME and MONEY in spite of the conditions around you and the actions of others.

6. Characteristics of a Defensive Driver Knowledge of laws and safe driving strategies Alertness to focus attention on driving and the changing conditions Foresight to recognize hazards in advance and know what might happen Judgment to decide the safest action Skill to carry out the action

7. Characteristics of a Defensive Driver KNOWLEDGE ALERTNESS FORESIGHTJUDGEMENT SKILL

8. Q: How do we prevent collisions? A: Collisions are prevented by the driver(s) doing everything reasonable to avoid them.

9. Safety Facts In the last 40 years the number of drivers increased by 64% while the roadway system increased by only 6%. Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Association

10. Road Signs

11. Road Sign Shapes  Round- Railroad advance warning  Diamond - Existing or possible hazards ahead Triangle - Yield Crossbuck - Railroad crossing  Pentagon – School advance and school crossing  Vertical Rectangle - Generally regulatory  Pennant - Advance warning of no passing zones  Octagon - Stop  Horizontal Rectangle - Generally for guide signs

12. Traffic signs Standard Colors GREEN – Guide, directional information RED – Stop, do not enter or wrong way BLUE – Motorist services guide ORANGE – Construction/maintenance warning BROWN - Public recreation/scenic YELLOW – General warning WHITE - Regulatory BLACK - Regulatory

13. Crash Statistics  90% of all crashes are the result of DRIVER ERROR  Drivers have a 1 in 3 chance (33%) of being involved in a fatal crash.

14. What affects our ability behind the wheel?  Age  Lights  Glare  Vision  Eye wear  Dirty windows  Injury/illness  Fatigue  Stress  Medication  Passengers  Cellular phones

15. Driver Safety Equipment  Seatbelt use is mandatory as outlined in Florida state statute and Sheriff’s office policy  Failure to use a seatbelt could result in disciplinary action and or loss of benefits if involved in an accident.

16. Safety Belts…  PROTECT  CONTROL  SURVIVE They protect you by absorbing the force of a crash. They help you stay in control of your vehicle by keeping you in your seat. They increase your chance of surviving a crash by more than 50%.

17. What are the consequences or results of speeding? Increased gas consumption. Longer stopping distance. Violation of traffic laws. Increased chance of injury or fatality. Decreased peripheral scanning ability.

18. Speed affects your field of vision. The faster you are traveling the narrower your visual field. This reduces your ability to recognize hazards outside of that narrow line of vision. Driving at unsafe speeds is hazardous to you and other drivers on the road. Safe driving is as simple as making a decision to do so.

19. Speeding or driving at an unsafe speed costs drivers $41 Billion Annually Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Association

20. Driving Too Fast  SPEED: Is the #1 cause of crashes in the USA.  CARELESS DRIVING: Is #2 Vehicle control, stability and maneuverability are all affected by how fast we drive

21. Driving Too Fast The risk of being killed in a collision increases with speed. Speed kills. The greater the speed, the greater your risk of serious injury or death. There is 4 times more energy in a crash at 60 MPH than at 30 MPH.

22. Speeding is a contributing factor in fatal crashes that kill approximately 13 of 500 people every year. Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Association

23. Vehicle Control Proper steering will control weight shift and provide effective maneuvering Shuffle steering helps maintain control and provides smooth steering. Hand position is at the 10 and 2 o’clock or the 9 and 3 o’clock position on the steering wheel.

24. Passing Passing is one of the most dangerous things we do!

25. Passing Passing is one of the most dangerous things we do! One of the most common causes of deadly head-on collisions is improper passing. Before undertaking any pass, ask yourself, “Will it make any difference?” “Is it safe?” “Is it legal?” “Do I really need to get ahead?” When getting ready to pass another vehicle, maintain a safe following distance. Before passing, signal left. Scan the road ahead and behind continually.

26. When NOT to Pass Where you see a “DO NOT PASS” or “NO PASSING ZONE” sign NO PASSING ZONE

27. When NOT to Pass Where a solid yellow line is painted on your side of the center line.

28. When NOT to Pass On hills or curves

29. When NOT to Pass At or within 100 feet of intersections

30. When NOT to Pass Within 100 feet of a bridge, viaduct, tunnel or railroad crossing

31. How to Recognize Potential Hazards  Scan the road ahead, behind, and next to your vehicle.  Check rear-view and side-view mirrors every 3 to 5 seconds.

32. How to Recognize Potential Hazards Many collisions may have been and could be prevented if drivers recognize hazards in advance and focus their attention on driving.

33. Proper Mirror Adjustment Mirrors should be adjusted, so that you can not see the sides of your own vehicle

34. Collision Avoidance 1. It is better to swerve right instead of toward oncoming traffic to prevent a crash.

35. Collision Preparedness 2. Hitting a row of bushes is better than a tree, post or solid object.

36. Collision Preparedness 3. Hitting a vehicle moving in the same direction is better than hitting one head-on.

37. Collision Preparedness 4. Driving off the road is better than skidding off the road when trying to avoid a crash.

38. Collision Preparedness 5. It is better to hit something that is not moving instead of a vehicle moving toward you.

39. Aggressive Driving

40. Aggressive driving causes 6.8 million crashes based on estimates. Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Association Safety Facts

41. Road Rage Increasingly crowded highways and traffic backups cause many drivers to lose control and become extremely aggressive. If you encounter aggressive drivers, don’t challenge them, and stay as far away as possible.

42. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you speed up to close the gap with the car ahead of you to prevent drivers from entering your lane? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

43. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you switch lanes to whichever seems to be moving faster? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

44. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you try to get ahead of other drivers, even when you are not in a particular hurry? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

45. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you pass as many vehicles as possible before the road closes to one lane? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

46. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you break suddenly when being tailgated? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

47. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you curse and make negative gestures towards other drivers? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

48. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you tailgate drivers who you think are driving too slow? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

49. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you block vehicles that are trying to pass illegally? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

50. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you typically speed up before an intersection to avoid a yellow light? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

51. Are You An Aggressive Driver? Do you get overly upset or angry in heavy traffic or in traffic jams? YES? NO? MAYBE? YOU BE THE JUDGE!

52. How Close is Too Close?  2 to 3 sec. following distance is generally recommended for driving in town.  The higher the speed the greater the following distance.  3 to 6 sec. minimum following distance is recommended on our county highways.

53. How Close is Too Close? Your safe following distance depends on how fast you are going and what the road conditions are. The two- second rule is a convenient way to figure your safe driving distance at various speeds without having to do calculations with numbers. Just remember, the higher the speed the greater the following distance! Measure your following distance by choosing a landmark such as a tree. When the rear bumper of the vehicle in front of you passes, start counting seconds: “one thousand and one, one thousand and two”. If you reach the landmark before you finish counting, you are following too closely.

54. Take Your Keys With You Florida Law prohibits drivers leaving a vehicle parked and unattended while the engine is running. FSS 316.1975 Unattended motor vehicle

55. No matter how long you expect to be away from your vehicle, Florida Law requires all drivers to stop the engine, lock the ignition, and remove the key before exiting. This includes “just for a minute” runs inside any place you can think of! (post office, convenient stores, etc)

56. Defensive Driving Tips That You Can Use  Use time management when driving  Monitor your speed regularly  Be careful and stay alert  Lower your speed when entering work zones and school zones.

57. Defensive Driving Tips That You Can Use  Let tailgaters pass—don’t increase your speed.  Use your turn signals.  Florida law requires you turn headlights on when driving in rain, fog or smoke or other low visibility situations.

58. LETS DRIVE!