1. MLA Format How to properly cite sources for your World History Term Paper

2. When to Cite Sources In order to avoid plagiarism you will need to cite sources quite frequently for the information in your paper –Cite a source for information that is not common knowledge –Cite a source for quotes –Cite a source for information that is not your original idea

3. When to Cite Sources George Washington was the first President of the United States. –No citation needed since its common knowledge George Washington owned 316 slaves at Mt. Vernon when he died in 1799. –Citation needed since it is not common knowledge

4. When to Cite Sources “The only thing we have to fear,” President Roosevelt explained, “is fear itself.” –Citation needed since it is a direct quote President Roosevelt often encouraged Americans to look to a brighter future during the dark days of the Great Depression. –No citation needed since you don’t quote or give specific information.

5. When to Cite Sources The development of mass produced automobiles was an important milestone in American history, since it led to the development of hotels, fast food restaurants, service stations, and the interstate highway system. –No citation needed since its your original idea. Professor Adams writes that the Ford Motor Company’s development of mass produced cars paved the way for everything from McDonalds to Exxon to become major players in the American economy. –Citation needed since you use someone else’s idea.

6. How to Use In-text Citations MLA Citation Format requires the use of both in-text citations and a properly formatted Works Cited Page. –For both types of citations you will want to gather important information about your source Author’s Name Page Number Title Publication information (Date, city, publishing company) Website address (if an electronic source)

7. How to Use In-text Citations In-text citations use the Author’s last name and the page number to cite a source following the sentence that the information is used in. –Sentence (Author’s Last Name, Page #). –Thomas Jefferson was widely rumored to have fathered children with a slave woman named Sally Hemmings (Nichols, 39).

8. How to Use In-text Citations. Henry Ford’s goal was to build an automobile that was reliable and inexpensive enough for more people to own one. “I will build a motor car for the multitude,” promised Henry Ford (Bak, 54). He did not invent the automobile. Cars at the time were very complicated, and only the rich who could afford a chauffer that could both drive and repair the vehicle were able to own one (Venezia, 16-17). Henry Ford wanted to build a simple and reliable car that was affordable. Owning an automobile would eventually allow people to move into the city rather than living on farms and would require the development of roads and highways since people would be able to travel easier. When Henry Ford left his family farm, four out of every five Americans lived on farms. By the time that he died, four out of five people lived in the city (Middleton, 30-31).

9. Works Cited Page Separate page at end of paper Titled WORKS CITED Alphabetical by Author’s Last Name –If author’s name is unavailable, use next appropriate piece of information This should correspond to your in-text citation Use only sources that have actually been cited in your paper

10. Works Cited Page – Hard Sources Book –Author’s Name. Full Title. City of Publication: Publisher’s name, year published. –Smithson, James. Sir Walter Raleigh: The Queen’s Servant. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007. If a book has two authors, follow 1 st author’s name with 2 nd author –Smithson, James and Evelyn Jackson. Sir Walter Raleigh: The Queen’s Servant. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007.

11. Works Cited Page – Hard Sources Book with Multiple Authors (more than 2) –1 st Author’s Name, et. al. Full Title. City of Publication: Publisher’s name, year published. –Smithson, James et. al. Sir Walter Raleigh: The Queen’s Servant. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2007.

12. Works Cited Page – Hard Sources Magazine Article –Author’s name, “Article Title.” Magazine Title. Date of publication: page numbers. –Jackson, Samuel. “The Art of the Thanksgiving Turkey.” Good Housekeeping. May 2010: 55- 59.

13. Works Cited Page – Hard Sources Newspaper Article –Author’s name. “Article Title.” Publication title. Date of publication, Section: page numbers. –Witherspoon, Davis. “Meltdown at Japanese Nuclear Plant.” New York Times. 27 March 2011, Sec. A: 8.

14. Works Cited Page – Hard Sources Some of you may interview a friend or relative who has knowledge about your topic (i.e. Vietnam War veteran) –Interviewed Person’s name. Kind of interview. Date of interview. –Meyer, David. Telephone Interview. 25 March 2011.

15. Works Cited Page – Electronic Resources Film/Movie –Title of Film/Video. Director. Distributor, year of release. Publication medium. –Schindler’s List. Dir. Stephen Spielberg. Universal Studios, 1993. DVD.

16. Works Cited Page – Electronic Resources Website –Author’s name. “Title of Article or Webpage.” Website Title. Publisher/sponsor of cite, Date of publication or last update. Publication medium. Date accessed.. –Dietel, Spienz. “Hitler’s Rise.” WWII History. History Channel, 25 March 2011. Internet. 27 March 2011.

17. Works Cited Page Works Cited Bak, Richard. Henry and Edsel. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2003. Burgan, Michael. Henry Ford: Industrialist. Chicago: Ferguson Publishing Co., 2001. Middleton, Hayden. Henry Ford. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. Weber, Austin. “Assembly Then & Now.” Assembly Magazine Online. Assembly Magazine, 01 February 2001. Internet. 11 October 2010. http://www.assemblymag.com/then_&_now.html http://www.assemblymag.com/then_&_now.html Zerk, Stephen. “Henry Ford.” Great Americans. History Channel, 11 November 2003. Internet. 10 October 2010.

18. Choosing Sources At least two (2) of your sources MUST be Hard Sources (Books, Magazines, Newspapers). The remaining sources may be hard sources or electronic sources. You must cite a MINIMUM of five (5) sources in your paper.

19. Choosing Sources Encyclopedias (Hard or Electronic) MAY NOT count toward your 5 required sources Wikipedia MAY NOT count toward your 5 required sources Hard sources are generally reliable Electronic sources should be chosen carefully to insure that they are reliable

20. Choosing Sources Quality Electronic sources should have most or all of the info needed to cite them. –If most info is missing, pick another source. Quality Electronic sources should come from a reliable web source –Websites ending in.gov,.edu, or.org tend to be more reliable than.com sources –Personal websites tend to be the least reliable.

21. Citation Help Citation Machine: –http://citationmachine.net/http://citationmachine.net/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL) –http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/search.phphttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/search.php