1. Study Guide For The Exam
By: Elise Candies

2. Writing Process Definitions
Pre- Writing: brainstorming
Attention Getter: the first sentence in the introduction
Thesis Statement: the last sentence in the intro. Paragraph
Intro: the first paragraph introducing the 3 main topics
Body: paragraphs describing and identifying your 3 main points
Conclusion: last paragraph restate thesis, summarizes, and clinches/projects
Essay Structure: the formation of the essay
Clincher: last sentence in the final paragraph proving your main point
Transition: links main body paragraphs to the next one
Preview: gives the reader an idea showing what the essay will be about
Revising: checking for grammar mistakes
Publishing: submitting your final work or turning your final work in

3. 6+1 Definitions
Ideas: the heart of the message, the content of the piece of writing, the main theme, together with details that enrich and develop that theme.
Organization: the internal structure of the piece, the thread of central meaning, the logical pattern of ideas in the piece.
Voice: feelings and convictions of the individual writer coming out through the words.
Word Choice: the use of rich, colorful, precise, language that moves and enlightens the reader.
Sentence Fluency: the rhythm and flow of the language how the writing sounds
Convections: the mechanical correctness of a piece of writing
Presentation: focuses on the form and layout of your writing; this includes MLA format, neatness, and any graphics.

4. 6+1 Questions What involves essay structure? Organization
Pre-writing falls under? Ideas
What do you check spelling and punctuation for? Conventions
What involves precise nouns? Word Choice
To check for this, you should read your writing aloud? Sentence Fluency
Shows the writer’s personality and writing style? Voice
For this you must have correct MLA format? Presentation

5. True and False
Using a graphic organizer is a pre-writing strategy. True
You should really worry about spelling and grammar in the drafting phase. False
Publishing involves sharing your writing with others. True
The sentences in a paragraph that tells the main idea is the supporting sentence. False
Your thesis statement should include three main points. True
Each body paragraph in your essay should explain one of your main points. True
Your conclusion should restate your thesis. True
You should always have at least two peer-editors. True

6. Formal or Informal Writing
B.B.Q. informal
s informal
Text messages informal
Wedding invitation formal
Business letter formal
Essays formal

7. Linking Verbs Is Am
Are
Was
Were Be
Being
Been

8. Subject-Verb Agreement
On the sidewalk are many little lizards sunning themselves on the hot concrete.
Not only the Smiths but also Tonya has agreed to try one of the world-famous chocolate-broccoli muffins.
The Smiths, along with Tonya, hope avoid indigestion after eating these weird muffins.
Grandpa claims that Martian measles causes green and purple spots to erupt all over a person’s body.

9. Steps of an Essay

10. Sentences, Fragment, or Run-ons
Discovering what the wilderness is all about. Fragment
Mary loves reaching out to other people, which is why she volunteers. Sentence
Readers love the new book by this famous author the author writes books that they love to read. Run-On
To find a resolution to the problem that satisfies everyone. Fragment

11. Passive and Active Sentences
The banana is bright. Passive
The bright yellow banana shined in the sun. Active
The boy was crying. Passive
The boy burst into tears when he dropped his ice cream. Active
The breeze is cold. Passive
The cold winter breeze blew by. Active

12. Expository Writing Inform Explain Explore
This is what Expository Writing is used for.
It also helps readers figure out the main point!

13. Persuasive Writing It tends to involve the types of appeal.
Logical Appeal- appeal to reason, clear thinking, why something is the right thing to do
Emotional Appeal- appeals to people’s hearts, their emotions, and feelings about an issue
Ethical Appeal- shows your credibility and character, shows the reader can trust you
Expert Testimony- statements by people who are recognized authorities on the issue
Call to Action- challenge your reader to take action to help your cause
It provides evidence behind your appeals
Also provides opposing arguments

14. Narrative Writing To recount a personal experience or original story
 Examples- Novels, short stories, journals, plays
Also includes:
Setting – where and when the story takes place
Characters – participants in the story
Plot – events that happen in the story, including:
Conflict – struggle or clash between opposing characters or forces in a story
Rising Action – where most of the action takes place; conflict begins to develop; events that lead up to the climax
Climax – the moment in a story when a conflict reaches its highest point of tension
Resolution – wraps up the story, resolves conflict
Other Literary Elements (flashbacks, foreshadowing, irony, symbolism, themes)

15. Narrative Writing Continued
Do Not Forget:
Create authentic characters with real feelings and interesting things to say
Identify where and how the story begins
Center the story around an unusual conflict, problem, or question
Order the events of the plot to keep the reader wanting to know what will happen next
Include a resolution to the conflict, problem, or question
Include a story ending that’s satisfying to the reader