1. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Sustainable and Renewable Energy Scenarios for the Future ISEAS Seminar “Energy in the Bay of Bengal: a perspective” Singapore, 28-29 Sep. 2006 Christophe Bongars, Executive Director, SustainAsia Ltd, Hong Kong Contact : chris@sustainasia.com

2. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… …but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable Who will benefit? The challenges ahead… BUSINESS IN BALANCE

3. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - SustainAsia Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved x 2

4. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …Asia’s energy demand growth is twice as high as the rest of the world ! Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Asia 3.2% (Non OECD, i.e excl. Japan, Korea, Australia, New Zealand) World 1.6% x 2 Source: Exxon Mobil tomorrow’s energy report Feb. 2006

5. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - SustainAsia Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved 2%

6. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …the contribution of Renewable Energy (RE) to Global Primary Energy (Year 2004) Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Sources: EIA, World Resources Institute, REN21 Global status Report * Biomass from 1950 onwards 2%

7. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - SustainAsia Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved +20 to 30%

8. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …the respective growth of Wind Power and Solar PV (grid and non-grid connected) installed power Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Sources: EIA, Renewable Energy World 2006, REN21 Global status Report 2004 Installed Renewable Power Generation capacity (excluding large hydro) in GW Main countries of installation: US, Europe (Germany, France, Netherlands, Denmark*, Spain), China, India, Japan, etc. depending on RE policies * 23% grid connected Wind Power, the highest in the world!

9. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… … but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable Who will benefit? The challenges ahead…

10. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Why are renewables critical for our future? Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved  Energy security and reduction of our dependency on fossil fuel reserves  Access to potentially limitless primary energy sources  Meeting development goals through empowerment of local communities and remote areas  …and mitigating Climate Change by reducing Green House Gases (GHG) emissions

11. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… …but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable Who will benefit? The challenges ahead…

12. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …global energy consumption and total energy reserves (estimates) Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: Prof. Dr. Ernst Schrimpff

13. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …Solar energy is our primary source of energy Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: SustainAsia …but energy storage and access is key !

14. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… …but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable Who will benefit? The challenges ahead…

15. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …while fossil fuels prices go up, renewable energy technologies are benefiting from economies of scale Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: SustainAsia

16. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. As clean energy technologies are gaining momentum, investors are rushing in… Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: Clean Edge, 2005 …towards a US$ 100 billions market by 2014 ?

17. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… …but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable… Who will benefit? The challenges ahead…

18. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …and have triggered an explosion of clean energy projects in the BoB region ! Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: UNFCCC interactive map (registered CDM projects), Sep 2006 CDM project, large scale, one location CDM project, large scale, several locations CDM project, small scale, one location CDM project, small scale, several locations India 94 Bangladesh 2 Sri Lanka 3 Indonesia 4 Nepal 2 Malaysia 10 1000+ CDM projects are in the pipeline, 299 registered, 70 pending registration 14.4M CER issued, 17.7M requested

19. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Government support and policies Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: REN21 report 2005, and SustainAsia

20. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. India has become the champion of clean energy… Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Source: Ministry of Power, Government of India  Renewables installed capacity: 6,191 MW (5% of total)  Electricity Act (2003): liberalization, incl. RE policies  Demand projections: x2 every 10 years (157 GW in 2012)  Full deployment of Hydro potential (large and small)  CDM projects: 319 approved by HCA, 94 registered (31.4% of world total) makes India the largest source of CER (Certificate of Emission Reduction) under Kyoto FCCC  5000 MW capacity addition through “non-conventional” energy sources under the XI plan (2007-2012)  Electrification of rural areas and distributed energy schemes is a No.1 priority to reach development goals: households, irrigation pumpsets, cold chain, SME, local communities Social, Health and Education services

21. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… …but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable Who will benefit? The challenges ahead…

22. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Who are the stakeholders? Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved  Local governments & policymakers  Local communities  Multi-lateral agencies (MLA)  Local banks & Financial Institutions (FI)  Investors (VC, PE, Specialized funds, etc.) and project sponsors  Local Energy & Environmental Service Companies (EESCo.)  Clean technologies (Cleantech) & solutions providers  Local commercial, institutional and industrial end users  Independent third party Measurement & Verification (MV) firms  Professional services and consulting firms  Financial & Insurance services firms

23. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Show me the money…!

24. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. …balanced allocation of risks Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved

25. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - SustainAsia Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved Key figures… What are the stakes? Renewable energy sources are abundant… …but technologies have barely reached mainstream Global trends are favorable Who will benefit? The challenges ahead…

26. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Has clean energy reached its tipping point? Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved The main threats which could reverse or delay the transition to a clean energy future:  Diplomatic : second phase of the Kyoto protocol and global consensus on climate change (US, Australia…) or APPCDC (“AP6”)  Political : adoption (or not) of comprehensive sustainable energy strategies, policies and incentives (country by country)  Economic : market instability and uncertainty, slow down development (human development index) and international trade  Communities : resistance to change and/or vested interests  Human resources / education : capacity building, professional and technical support  Inertia : implementation cycles for creative financing models. Adoption of new concepts such as: centralized (grid connected) vs. distributed energy infrastructure, etc.

27. www.sustainasia.com © Copyright 2006 SustainAsia Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Copyrights® 2005 - Asia Network Services Ltd, Hong Kong. All rights reserved BUSINESS IN BALANCE THANK YOU… Our mission is to imagine and facilitate clean and sustainable solutions, towards long-term business objectives, in balance with people's needs and the environment. Contact : info@sustainasia.com