1. Preservation of Video in the Conservation Laboratory Tim Vitale Preservation Associates 1500 Park Ave., Suite 132 Emeryville, CA 94608 510-584-8277tjvitale@ix.netcom.com © 2005 Tim Vitale

2. In an a world…

3. Introduction Introduction 2 In an a world… where HD video is normal Sony

4. SD and analog video wonder around inside the vast open space of HD video Sony Horizontal Resolution Analog 480 lines (maximum) SD 525 lines HD 1080 lines – Bandwidth SD DV formats use 25 - 270 Mb/s (34 MBytes/s) HD DV formats use 166 - 995 Mb/s (125 MB/s) Sony Introduction Introduction 3

5. SD and analog video wonder around inside the vast open space of HD video Sony Horizontal Resolution Analog 480 lines (maximum) SD 525 lines HD 1080 lines Bandwidth SD DV formats use 25 - 270 Mb/s (34 MBytes/s) HD DV formats use 166 - 995 Mb/s (125 MB/s) Sony Introduction Introduction 4

6. SD and analog video wonder around inside the vast open space of HD video Sony Horizontal Resolution Analog 480 lines (maximum) SD 525 lines HD 1080 lines – Bandwidth SD DV formats use 25 - 270 Mb/s (34 MBytes/s) HD DV formats use 166 - 995 Mb/s (125 MB/s) Sony Introduction Introduction 5

7. SD and analog video wonder around inside the vast open space of HD video Sony Horizontal Resolution Analog 480 lines (maximum) SD 525 lines HD 1080 lines – Bandwidth SD DV formats use 25 - 270 Mb/s (34 MBytes/s) HD DV formats use 166 - 995 Mb/s (125 MB/s) Sony Introduction Introduction 6

8. Introduction Introduction 7 Video Capture Equipment – Video capture boxes – outboard processor – Video capture cards NLE (non-linear editing) Software – Final Cut Pro – Sony Vegas – Media 100 HD Version 7 can easily handle – Standard Definition digital formats and therefore all the Historic Analog Video formats – all the Historic Analog Video formats

9. Introduction 8

10. From: Brian Rutz JVC Professional Video Video Color Sampling Rates Video Color Sampling Rates 1

11. From: Brian Rutz JVC Professional Video Video Color Sampling Rates Video Color Sampling Rates 1

12. Preservation Options 1 Past Options Were –Service Bureau –DIY analog video to miniDV or DVCAM transfer Now Conservation has –ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer

13. Preservation Options Preservation Options 2 Past Options Were –Service Bureau –DIY analog video to miniDV or DVCAM transfer Now Conservation has 601 video –ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer

14. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3 Service Bureau – Send artifact to vendor -- loose physical possession – Cost $250-1000 per tape depending on format & output – No control over appearance image noise reduction color corrections compression or expansion of Luminance (Y) and/or Color (UV) – Most vendors legalize video as a courtesy

15. Preservation Options Preservation Options 2a DIY analog video to miniDV or DVCAM transfer –Collections 1000 - 20,000 tapes that need transfer 10, 20 and 30 year old: U-Matic, VHS, Betamax and Hi-8 tape can’t afford $250+ tape –Opting to use an inexpensive & available method (1) transfer to their miniDV camera via Video & Audio IN – RCA jacks = composite signal – about $1300, $5-10 per tape

16. Preservation Options Preservation Options 2b (1) transfer to their miniDV camera via Video & Audio IN – RCA jacks = composite signal – about $1300, $5-10 per tape

17. Preservation Options Preservation Options 2c DIY analog video to DVCAM transfer –Opting to use an inexpensive & available method (2) Sony DSR 45 DVCAM deck – composite In & Out – Y/C (S-VHS) In & Out – component (YUV) In & Out – small LCD for monitoring progress – $3500, $10-25 per tape

18. Preservation Options Preservation Options 2e Value of the process – Failing video tape can be easily migrated – Original cassette in sealed bags for cool storage 40°C – Direct file transfer can be made over Firewire, no loss – DV (5:1) Format still is superior to U-MaticHi-8 S-VHSBetamax VHS

19. Preservation Options 2f DIY Analog Video to DVCAM transfer Value of the process From D-1

20. Preservation Options 4 chart From: EBU's Evaluation of DV Formats - Horst Schachlbauer (EBU), S. Merrill Weiss (SMPTE), and William C. Miller

21. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3a 601 video capture ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – This is TRUE Conservation Treatment capture is saved in a format that is much larger than the original does no harm alteration of the original is at the discretion of the Conservator limitless migration of video file without loss (QuickTime Format) – Cost Range: Basic $12,500 Loaded $58,500 – PC and Mac compatible Video Capture systems Outboard Processor & Breakout Box PCI-Bus Card – Final Cut Pro Software Fully Supports ITU-R.BT601 – from source – Video Signal Processing Unit Leitch DPS 575 –Storage on DLT, LTO or AIT data tape cassettes 1 hour on a $40-60 tape cassette Robot library possible

22. Preservation Options 3a 601 video ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – This is TRUE Conservation Treatment capture is saved in a format that is much larger than the original does no harm alteration of the original is at the discretion of the Conservator limitless migration of video file without loss (QuickTime Format)) – Cost Range: Basic $12,500 Loaded $58,500 – PC and Mac compatible Video Capture systems Outboard Processor & Breakout Box PCI-Bus Card – Final Cut Pro Software Fully Supports ITU-R.BT601 – from source – Video Signal Processing Unit Leitch DPS 575 –Storage on DLT, LTO or AIT data tape cassettes 1 hour on a $40-60 tape cassette Robot library possible

23. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3b ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Cost Range Basic $12,500 Basic w/ video monitor$16,000 Full w/ video monitor$34,500 Loaded w/ video monitor$58,500 Basic Mac G5 DP 2GHz$3000 SCSI Ultra 320 PCI Card$ 500 CRT Computer Monitor$1000 Final Cut Pro$1000 AJA Kona LS card$1000 800 GB SATA Raid3/5 Array$2500 LTO Tape Drive$3500 Sony TV (consumer)$1000

24. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3c ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Cost Range Basic $12,500 Basic w/ video monitor$16,000 Full w/ video monitor$34,500 Loaded w/ video monitor$58,500 Basic with JVC CRT Video Monitor Mac G5 DP 2GHz 1GBRAM$3500 SCSI Ultra 320 PCI Card$ 500 CRT Computer Monitor$1000 Final Cut Pro$1000 AJA Kona LS card$1000 800 GB SATA Raid3/5 Array$2500 LTO Tape Drive$3500 JVC 1910 Video Monitor$3000

25. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3d ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Cost Range Basic $12,500 Basic w/ video monitor$16,000 Full w/ video monitor$34,500 Loaded w/ video monitor$58,500 Full with Video Monitor Mac G5 DP 2.5 GHz 2GBRAM$5000 SCSI Ultra 320 PCI Card$ 500 2 CRT Computer Monitor$2000 Final Cut Pro$1000 AJA Kona IO $2500 1.6 TB SATA Raid3/5 Array$6500 LTO Tape Library and Drive$7500 JVC 1910 Video Monitor 2Ch$3500 Leitch DPS 575 Video Proc$6000

26. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3e ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Cost Range Basic $12,000 Basic w/ video monitor$15,500 Full w/ video monitor$34,500 Loaded w/ video monitor$58,500 Full with Video Monitor Mac G5 DP 2.5 GHz 2GBRAM$ 4500 SCSI Ultra 320 PCI Card$ 500 2 LCD Computer Monitors$ 5000 Final Cut Pro$ 1000 AJA Kona IO $ 2500 4 TB SATA Raid3/5 Array$10500 LTO 100 Tape Library & Drive$25000 JVC 1910 Video Monitor 2Ch$ 3500 Leitch DPS 575 Video Proc$ 6000

27. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3f 601 video ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Both Mac and PC Compatible Video Capture Systems Mac Platform – Mac G5 DP-2MHz, 1 GB RAM, SCSI Ultra 320 –AJA LS PCI card$1000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Limited ins and outs –AJA IO Outboard Processor & Breakout Box$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs –Media 100 HD card(SD & HD video)$8000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Excellent proprietary non-linear editing software » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs PC Platform – HP XW8200 Xeon DP-3 MHz, 1 GB RAM – SD Greed PCI card (Blue Fish 4:4:4)$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » All analog and digital formats in and out

28. Equipment Equipment 1 AJA Kona LS Card $1000 $1350

29. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3f 601 video ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Both Mac and PC Compatible Video Capture Systems Mac Platform – Mac G5 DP-2MHz, 1 GB RAM, SCSI Ultra 320 –AJA LS PCI card$1000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Limited ins and outs –AJA IO Outboard Processor & Breakout Box$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs –Media 100 HD card(SD & HD video)$8000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Excellent proprietary non-linear editing software » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs PC Platform – HP XW8200 Xeon DP-3 MHz, 1 GB RAM – SD Greed PCI card (Blue Fish 4:4:4)$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » All analog and digital formats in and out

30. Equipment Equipment 2 AJA Kona Io Outboard Processor & Breakout Box $2500 Mac platform only

31. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3f 601 video ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Both Mac and PC Compatible Video Capture Systems Mac Platform – Mac G5 DP-2MHz, 1 GB RAM, SCSI Ultra 320 –AJA LS PCI card$1000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Limited ins and outs –AJA IO Outboard Processor & Breakout Box$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs –Media 100 HD card(SD & HD video)$8000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Excellent proprietary non-linear editing software » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs PC Platform – HP XW8200 Xeon DP-3 MHz, 1 GB RAM – SD Greed PCI card (Blue Fish 4:4:4)$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » All analog and digital formats in and out

32. Equipment Equipment 3 Media 100 HD dual PCI-Card and Breakout Box Mac platform only

33. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3f 601 video ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Both Mac and PC Compatible Video Capture Systems Mac Platform – Mac G5 DP-2MHz, 1 GB RAM, SCSI Ultra 320 –AJA LS PCI card$1000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Limited ins and outs –AJA IO Outboard Processor & Breakout Box$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs –Media 100 HD card(SD & HD video)$8000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Excellent proprietary non-linear editing software » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs PC Platform – HP XW8200 Xeon DP-3 MHz, 1 GB RAM – SD Greed PCI card (Blue Fish 4:4:4)$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » All analog and digital formats in and out

34. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3f ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer – Both Mac and PC Compatible Video Capture Systems Mac Platform – Mac G5 DP-2MHz, 1 GB RAM, SCSI Ultra 320 –AJA LS PCI card$1000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Limited ins and outs –AJA IO Outboard Processor & Breakout Box$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs –Media 100 HD card(SD & HD video)$8000 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » Excellent proprietary non-linear editing software » Full analog and digital, video and audio ins and outs PC Platform – HP XW8200 Xeon DP-3 MHz, 1 GB RAM – SD Greed PCI card (Blue Fish 4:4:4)$2500 » Full 601 4:2:2, 4:4:4, 8-bit and 10-bit » All analog and digital formats in and out

35. Equipment Equipment 4 SD Greed PCI-Card BlueFish444 PC platform only $4000

36. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3a 601 video capture ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer This is TRUE Conservation Treatment capture is saved in a format that is much larger than the original does no harm alteration of the original is at the discretion of the Conservator limitless migration of video file without loss (QuickTime Format) – Cost Range: Basic $12,500 Loaded $58,500 – PC and Mac compatible Video Capture systems Outboard Processor & Breakout Box PCI-Bus Card – Final Cut Pro Software Fully Supports ITU-R.BT601 – from source – Video Signal Processing Unit Leitch DPS 575 –Storage on DLT, LTO or AIT data tape cassettes 1 hour on a $40-60 tape cassette Robot library possible

37. Equipment Equipment 5 Leitch DPS 575 Video Processor (1RU rack mount box)

38. Preservation Options Preservation Options 3a 601 video capture ITU-R.BT601 video capture using a computer This is TRUE Conservation Treatment capture is saved in a format that is much larger than the original does no harm alteration of the original is at the discretion of the Conservator limitless migration of video file without loss (QuickTime Format) – Cost Range: Basic $12,500 Loaded $58,500 – PC and Mac compatible Video Capture systems Outboard Processor & Breakout Box PCI-Bus Card – Final Cut Pro Software Fully Supports ITU-R.BT601 – from source – Video Signal Processing Unit Leitch DPS 575 –Storage on DLT, LTO or AIT data tape cassettes 1 hour on a $40-60 tape cassette Robot library possible

39. Equipment Equipment 5 Data Tape Drives $3500 –25,000 – LTO 100-200 GB/tape Seagate Viper 200 drive $1700 Hp Ultrium 460 drive $4000 – LTO2 200 GB/tape Quantum 1500SX 25-tape library $17,000 Quantum M2500 100-tape library $ 20,000 – SDLT 160 & 300 GB/tape HP 600 drive 300 GB/tape $4000 Hp MSL5026 26-tape lib $16,000 – AIT Sony AITE130S drive 60 GB/tape $1250 Sony AIT LIB81A2 8-tape library $2500 Sony AIT-3 SDX-700CE 100 GB/tape drive –$2500

40. tjvitale@ix.netcom.comAcknowledgements Information Resources Dave van Hoy, Advanced System Group, Emeryville, CA, 510-594-8277 Video Equipment Technician Al Brewster Advanced System Group, Emeryville, CA Readers and Reviewers Paul Messier Walter Henry

41. Preservation Associates Emeryville, California tjvitale@ix.netcom.com